Hedda Gabler Essays (852 words) - Film, Literature, Theatre

Hedda Gabler Courtney Jane Brown THTR-DSTP Hedda Gabler Ibsen once said, Find out who you are and become that person, because, To realize yourself is the highest goal a person can attain. Self realization was Ibsen's super-objective. To find self-realization was the main theme of his play Hedda Gabler. Hedda, Tesman, and Thea, all live their lives through others, therefore never reaching self-realization. Their deficiencies entail cowardice, lack of imagination and validation. They make up for it by manipulating, borrowing and dependency. Searching for themselves in each other. Hedda lives through others by manipulation. Hedda is a coward, she is afraid of taking charge of her life and making something of herself. Since she feels a lack of control over her life, she controls others. She is unhappy because she has no control and tries to make everyone else unhappy. In the opening scene Aunt Julie comes over and places her hat in the living room, Hedda then purposefully remarks on how rude it was for the maid to leave her hat around the house. Aunt Julie's feelings are hurt deeply, since she bought the hat brand new. Hedda is also very condescending and sarcastic towards Tesman; he is completely unaware of it. She plays him like a deck of cards. When he asks her why she burned Lovborg's manuscript; she says she did it for you dear, since you envied it. He believes her not seeing her real motives, then he later exclaims, Oh, I'm beginning to understand you, Hedda! Hedda's feeling of being out of control also effects how she interacts with the other characters. This is why she is manipulative. She manipulates the people around her to do things that they normally wouldn't do. When Lovborg and Thea are with her, she offers Lovborg a drink, but he refuses because he quit drinking. Then she spills a bit of information about Lovborg that Thea had told her and Lovborg is outraged. In his anger, he accepts the drink. She makes both Thea and Lovborg angry but she got satisfaction from effecting their actions. Hedda is also pregnant but refuses to recognize it because again that would mean less control for her. Towards the end of the play Judge Brack tells her, he knows it was her gun that Lovborg shot himself with. He knows she afraid of the scandal. Hedda replies, So I'm in your power, Judge. You have your hold over me from now on. Shortly after saying this and seeing Tesman and Thea working together, she buries herself in a room with her fathers' pic ture and the piano. (Sentence about room and escape and how she fails when she kills herself) Then shoots herself. Tesman lives through others by borrowing ideas. He lacks any imagination, so he uses others ideas in place of his own. He lacks control over his work, because none of it is really his. It seems that anytime anyone mentions an idea he remarks, Imagine that, in a bewildered sort of way. He can't even carry on an interesting conversation because he has no ideas or original thoughts to share. Tesman wants to be recognized and respected for his work, but his work and research is nothing new, meaningless. Tesman's book would be filled with regurgitated facts. He spent his entire honeymoon in a library. (What does this show us about his character) He is very ambitious; almost everything he does is used to further his recognition. Even his marriage to Hedda; he married her because she is a trophy to him. (Why does he need a trophy)? Thea Elvsted is closest to self-realization but doesn't quite make it because of her dependence on men. She gets much farther than anyone else in play, because she is taking herself to another level by writing the book with Lovborg and later Tesman. She leaves her husband to cling to Lovborg. One could argue that it isn't her fault to be dependent on men because there was no other way of having an income back then. Therefore, her dependence is not completely her fault but a pressure from society. Thea is Hedda's opposite because she works for moral improvement but not only for her, for Lovborg and later Tesman. When Lovborg tells

SAT Cost, ACT Cost, and How to Save Money

SAT Cost, ACT Cost, and How to Save Money SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips If you're deciding between taking the SAT and the ACT and you have a tight budget, this guide will help. We'll cover the registration costs, reporting costs, and how you can save money no matter what test you choose. All Registration Costs for the SAT and ACT (Updated for 2019-2020) Let's first look at the cost of registering for the test, and extra fees. Fee Type What is this? SAT Cost ACT Cost Registration Fee The normal fee for each administration of the test you register for $64.50 ($49.50 without essay) $67($50.50 without essay) Late Fee Charged if you register after the regular deadline but before the final late deadline $30 $30 Waitlist Fee Charged if you register after the late registration deadline and are seated on test day. $53 $53 (standby testing) Change Fee Charged if you change the test center, test date, or test type $30 $30 Question and Answers An optional service that sends you the test questions and correct answers (useful for seeing what mistakes you made) $18 $20 International Fees Charged additionally if you're taking the test outside of the United States $43 to $53 $99.50 Sources: College Board and ACT, Inc The costs between the SAT and ACT are similar for registrations for U.S. students. If your schools require the essay section, taking the SAT saves you $1 per test. Clearly both tests charge through the nose for extra fees, punishing lack of planning ahead. As we'll cover below, planning early can represent a huge cost savings to you. All Reporting Costs for the SAT and ACT Once you take the test, you'll have to send your test scores to colleges. Each college you apply to will require its own SAT or ACT score report. If you apply to 12 colleges, you'll need to send 12 score reports. This is where the policies for the SAT and ACT really differ. Fee Type What is this? SAT ACT Free Score Reports The number of free reports you get when registering for the test 4 free reports, within 9 days after test 4 free reports, by the Thursday after the test Cost per School Charged for each report you send to a school outside of your free reports. $12 per school $13.00 per test per school Rush reporting Expedited sending of score reports $31 per school $16.50 per test per school Sources: College Board and ACT, Inc. Here's an elaboration. When you take the SAT or ACT, both tests allow you to send your scores to four schools for free. You will specify these four schools when registering for the test. The SAT gives you nine days after the test to decide those four schools, while the ACT only gives you six days. Outside of the free reports, both tests will charge you for sending score reports. This can happen if you're too late in specifying your free reports, or if you exceed the four free reports per test. The SAT and the ACT differ here in a significant way. The SAT can send all your College Board test scores to a school in a single report. This includes all SAT and SAT Subject Test administrations. The ACT, however, requires $13.00 per test per school. For example, if your school uses 'Superscoring', you might want to send two or three tests to combine the highest score.This can really rack up the cost really quickly.For example, if you're applying to ten colleges and you want to send three test scores, this will mean $13 x 10 x 3 = $390, just to send your scores to schools. All this money starts adding up. It pays to be proactive and to plan ahead. Here are four strategies to save as much money as possible on the SAT and ACT. 5 Tips to Save Money on the SAT and ACT If you're on a budget, you can save a lot of money by planning ahead. Here are important ways to get money back. #1: Apply for a Fee Waiver If You Qualify Both the College Board and the ACT know that low-income families find it difficult to pay for these expensive tests. Applying for a fee waiver can save you hundreds of dollars. With a fee waiver, both tests give you free registration for tests and free score reports. How do you qualify for a fee waiver? You qualify if any of the below is true: You're enrolled in or eligible for the federal Free and Reduced Price Lunch program You're enrolled in a federal, state, or local program that aids students from low-income families (like Upward Bound) Your family receives public assistance You live in public housing, a foster home, or are homeless. Your household income level falls below USDA levels for Reduced Price lunches To get a fee waiver, you MUST go through your school counselor. You cannot apply directly through the College Board or ACT, Inc. This takes time, so make sure you do this well before you plan to register for the test. Contact your school counselor as soon as possible if you qualify for a fee waiver. #2: Register Early The late fee for registration is around half the test of the cost itself, causing a 50% increase in the test cost if you're late to register. If you have a test date set in mind, register months in advance so you don't forget. Make sure you get a confirmation by e-mail so you have no surprises come test day. Even worse than paying the late fee is missing the test date registration altogether. If you've been prepping for a specific date, this will cause you to lose momentum from your test prep and lower your score. #3: Use the FREEScore Reports Both the SAT and ACT give you free score reports to send to schools of your choosing. Make sure you specify schools before registration so you don't forget. Once the ACT test date passes, you won't be able to specify any more colleges to receive your test scores. The only reason you may want to not specify a college for the free score report is if you're not sure you're going to do better, and you want to make sure the college receives only your top scores. For all other cases, send it to colleges that are on your application list. #4: Self-Report Scores When Possible In an attempt to lower the barrier to applying even further, some of the top schools in the country now allow students to self-report their SAT and ACT scores on their applications; you'll only have to submit official SAT/ACT score reports if you're accepted. Prestigious national universities that allow self-reporting of SAT/ACT scores include Stanford, Columbia, Johns Hopkins, Northwestern, Caltech, Rice, WashU in St. Louis, and Emory. Most of the top liberal arts colleges also have adopted this policy, including Williams, Amherst, Wellesley, Swarthmore, Middlebury, and Pomona. For all schools allowing self-reported SAT/ACT scores, make sure to check their policy on superscoring/score choice so that you're maximizing your standardized testing profile. Also, while this should go without saying, don't lie when self-reporting your SAT/ACT scores on your application. Don't write a score you plan to get on the February ACT or March SAT before admissions decisions go out (unless the school you're applying to accepts February ACT scores) and don't lie about doing better than you did. This will most likely result in your admission being rescinded not just because you didn't do as well as you said you did, but because you lied; institutions of higher learning generally aren't super keen to welcome academically dishonest students into their community. #5: Use Your SAT/ACT Score to Qualify for Scholarships Many states and schools have scholarships where the major qualification is your SAT/ACT score. By doing well on the test, you can make back well more than it cost to take the test. Take the time to research these scholarships and apply for them if you qualify. What's Next? Now that you know how much the SAT and ACT cost, let's read more resources to learn more about these tests. Want a super high SAT score or ACT score? I teach you how to get a perfect SAT/ACT score, based on my own experiences. What are good ACT scores or good SAT scoresfor college? Is the SAT or ACT easier? Find out which you should take. Want to improve your SAT score by 160 points or your ACT score by 4 points?We've written a guide for each test about the top 5 strategies you must be using to have a shot at improving your score. Download it for free now:

Policy Agenda Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3250 words

Policy Agenda - Essay Example Agenda setting can be a compound phenomenon. Indeed, the dominant metaphor in modern agenda-setting studies has been the "garbage can model of choice," in which streams of troubles, policies, and politics flow autonomously until the right combination of them guided to a "policy window" in which decisions can be made (Kingdon 1997, Baumgartner and Jones 1993, 2002). as these concepts were developed in studies of agenda setting in the United States, one should be cautious in pertaining them to other polities, particularly since parliamentary democracies typically feature more specific party policy commitments, better executive-legislative dexterity, and greater stress on less overtly visible interest group-executive contacts, amongst other things. In short, most other liberal democratic polities perhaps lean more toward the organization end of what has been called "organized anarchy" than does the United States. This is not to refute that there exists a "policy primeval soup" (Kingdon 1997) in each. though they use overlapping terms, there is not complete agreement amongst analysts about the major concepts, extent, and processes of agenda setting. generally, the agenda-setting literature can be separated into two major theoretical approaches, which resemble the pluralist and elitist schools of thought (Petracca 1990). The pluralist loom emphasizes the role of the public, interest groups, and the media in emergent the political agenda (Downs 1972). In contrast, the elitist approach to agenda setting sees the main initiatives coming from government officials as well as policy communities; other elements mainly act as veto groups (Kingdon 1997). Perhaps as the research stems from a U.S. base, neither orientation rates political parties extremely in the agenda-setting process. Cobb, Keith-Ross, and Ross ( 1976) give a bridge across these two approaches by positing three models of agenda setting outside inventiveness, mobilization, and inside initiative. The first is mass to elite, t he subsequent elite to mass, and the third elite to elite only. Major element of agenda setting is the procedure of problem identification/problem structuring of the policy issue. How a policy issue is prepared and identified in this initial stage will settle on the direction and content of the public discourse and the proposed solutions as it moves through the residual

Management Report Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4000 words

Management Report - Case Study Example The report will identify and describe about the possible problems that the organisation could face by implementing the new ERP system based on traditional system development life cycle methodology and also provide recommendations to Solaricot for performing its business operations effectively. What an ERP System is ERP system is fundamentally described as a set of applications that is incorporated to administer broad assortment of commercial activities like finance, human resource and inventory among others. ERP software incorporates all features of business operational functions comprising business development, production functions and marketing activities. ERP system usually utilise databases as a source of information. The basic objective of ERP is to share information for simplifying the flow of data across business within an organisation (O’Leary, 2004). Values of ERP That Can Bring To Manufacturing Firm The adoption and the execution of ERP system has been noted to be qu ite common in manufacturing organisations. Successful ERP installations help the manufacturing firms to enhance their strategic as well as economical capabilities. In manufacturing organisations like Solaricot, ERP system can successfully address several management challenges. In this modern day context, organisations must manage all resources including supply chain activities in an effective manner. The integrated characteristics of ERP system makes the sharing of information easier and also deliver timely information. Furthermore, ERP system also assists the manufacturing firms in managing its inventory level effectually. Various ERP tools that comprise demand forecasting, inventory visibility and cohesive scheduling are typically used for ensuring dynamic manufacturing operations. In manufacturing firms, ERP system makes the production functions to remain on track and generate quality products (Muscatello & et. al., 2003). Possible Problems of ERP System in Solaricot Though ERP s ystem can frequently assist different organisations towards enhancing their respective production abilities, it can also bring failure to certain organisations. In this similar context, several aspects could have gone wrong with the new system at Solaricot. The possible problems of ERP system in Solaricot have been described hereunder. Improper Customisation of the ERP system Based on the traditional systems development life cycle methodology, the first possible reason for the failure of ERP system

The Role of Human Capital in the New Global Economy Essay

The Role of Human Capital in the New Global Economy - Essay Example It is seen that with the growth of the population towards their age of retirement, nations tend to face a shortage of labour. The economy faces a labour shortage crisis which fails to meet the desired level of skill requirement of the society and economy on the whole. Thus it is crucial that nations maintain a certain amount of skill within the economy which meets its output and productivity requirement. In other words nations need to maintain a balance in their labour markets (Turner, â€Å"Executive Summary†). Technological advancement has also played a significant role in the increasing competitiveness of nations. Moreover it forms a primary component behind the competitiveness and competitive advantage of nations in the international market. This has called for a labour force which is highly competent in the field of information technology in order to sustain and survive in the global markets. Nations suffering from less advancement in technology and communications has suffered skill shortage and labour efficiency which is the reason why they have lost their competitive position in the market among global competitors (Turner, â€Å"Executive Summary†). With globalization, the prevalence of trade and commerce has also increased substantially. Global economies’ reliance on international trade has increased substantially over the years.

Energy Consumption In The Industry Construction Essay

Energy Consumption In The Industry Construction Essay This part of the report, is addressing to the energy use in construction and the actions that government and construction industry done so far in order to reduce carbon emissions and achieve sustainability. The major energy used in construction is by the machineries and also on the transportation of the materials to the site. Transportation accounts for 40% of all energy use in construction. The major energy consumers on site are construction equipment plants such as backhoe loaders; dampers; hydraulic excavators; cranes; etc. All the terms and conditions in the government and construction industry have to stop support and sponsoring the atomic and fossil energy. Is time for everyone to look straight to the renewable energy and sources? Large amount of money are being spent per annum in order for a certain household to be working normally. Innovated energy schemes must be solely persisted on comprehensive national and global calculations. Those calculations results prove that the atomic and fossil sources of energy are inconsiderable more expensive than those based on alternative Energy sources are. Those added expenses of energy use developed an overwhelming social and environment chaotic debt for the new generations. Renewable energy/fuel options can be introduced and replace the atomic and fossil energy/fuel. Meanwhile they produce the energy that buildings need to either be constructed or work, are more convenient ways and also more friendly to the environment. Construction plays a major part of the energy consumed in UK, accounts for approximately 50%. In the past the main energy consumption was used for heating, but now due to the climate distortions the demands for increasing energy also for cooling. These resulted to an extensive big cost, especially in the UK. The UK Government consequently has striving targets to reduce the amount of CO2 emissions. This will unavoidably oblige further tightening of building codes beyond the changes in 2006 and 2007 respectively to Part L of the Building Regulations for England and Wales, and Section 6 of the Building Standards (Scotland) (1). Most of the actions have been concentrated on the emissions associated to energy use in buildings. Moreover the arising issues of the embedded energy in materials, and the energy used in the transportations of the materials linked with construction has a big influence. The construction and transportation of building materials uses huge amounts of oil, gas, coal a nd electricity. The creation of this embedded energy has its own environmental issues such as arising of the emissions of CO2 and water and air pollutions. During the various phases of construction, energy consumes. From the material extraction to construction and therefore to the transportation and from site construction to demolition. During the transportation of materials to site and waste from site energy will also be used. The methods that involve energy use have been calculated and are as follows (2): -the material extraction, and therefore their fabrication -the transportation of the materials -transportation of the recycled materials -the construction and demolition procedures on the site -the transportation of the wastes -the transportation of the construction and demolitions wastes The amount of CO2 emissions that construction can influence is significant, accounting for almost 47% of total CO2 emissions of the UK. Due to that fact, UK government set target and adopted the strategy to transform the UK into a low-carbon nation by taking into account any possible alterations in energy consumption and possible contribution of alternative sources. Numerous actions have been undertaken in order reducing the co2 emissions due construction. Those actions involved the alteration of the code for building regulations zero carbon houses by maximising the use of energy efficiency and renewable energy sources from 2016 and onwards. In June 2008, UK government published Strategy for sustainable construction, 2008, which incorporate the targets 15% reduction in carbon emissions from construction processes and associated transport compared to 2008 levels (3), 25% of products used in construction projects to be from schemes recognised for responsible sourcing (3) and all construction projects in excess of  £1 million to have biodiversity surveys carried out and necessary actions instigated (3) (4). We are going to mainly focus on the 15% reduction in carbon emissions from construction processes and associated transport compared to 2008 levels (3). (2) The biggest sources of carbon emissions according to the 2008 baseline assessment have been identified. This Action Plan concentrates on the following points: †¢ On site construction (plant and equipment) †¢ Corporate offices †¢ Transport (delivery of materials to the site and removal of waste from the site) †¢ Business travel The Figure 1 below, reviews and sums up the recommended actions that can be done to proceed towards accomplishing the construction carbon reduction target of 15%. We are only concentrated to five actions that cover the two bullet points above (On site construction (plant and equipment) and Transport (delivery of materials to the site and removal of waste from the site), only as they are the most important in the action plan, and will be therefore discuss in detail below the Figure 1 (2). Energy efficient site accommodation (2) Often the insulation at temporary offices at construction sites are poor and unlike permanent buildings do not have the equivalent building management controls. Cabins that have been properly designed and managed have demonstrated to achieve the equivalent energy efficiency standards as permanent buildings. Carbon dioxide emissions can be reduced by 50% or more using these green cabins compared to traditional temporary accommodation.7 Energy efficient site accommodation implements both the use of new energy efficiency and the redevelopment of8 existing cabin supply before the cabins are sent off again on a project site. To begin with the industry would come to an agreement on specifications on the new redeveloped cabins. These Specifications would deal with the insulation including extra padding, the glazing of windows, heating which is more economical, lighting systems with built in motion sensors, a meter that reads the electricity, a thermostat, master switch for all appliances. The key issues for this action is there isnt an approved specification for energy efficient site accommodation and moreover the cost issues that arising by installing the greener cabins. Also the redeveloping of the existing cabins is complex task and has therefore more expenses. Big challenge that remains is to achieve this goal before 2012 and is really hard to see any results as would take time to redevelop all the existing stock. (2) Efficient use of construction plant (2) There are numerous policies for the efficient use of construction equipment plant such as: -Avoid massive machines that cause inefficiency and select the appropriate machine for the construction undertaking and Make a selection of the appropriate plant that is uses considerably smaller amount of fuel (2) Address to more sustainable fuels that are more energy efficient (2) Use the plant properly (2) Servicing plant economically and not wastefully by reducing the idling time (2) Operating plant efficiently (e.g. minimizing idling and make use of a suitable power) (2) All of the above action concentrates on encouraging the operators of the plant to run any construction equipment plant more efficiently. Additionally to permit contractors and clients to be supportive of fuel-efficient plants, the plant suppliers must improve and advertise constant fuel consumption targets. The issues with this are that the execution of this proposal would be hard for people to agree to as the cost of adopting the fuel-efficient plants would be set by the supplier and also the staff have to be trained and this wasting the time of the development to be constructed. (2) Earlier connection to the grid (2) On large construction sites power generators use large amounts of fuel so to minimise the amount of fuels used by the generators it would be more feasible to have the site connected to the national grid as early on in the construction as possible. This in turn would reduce CO2 emissions by a large amount. It requires though a series of steps to accomplished that. The issues with this are that having the site connected would take time as energy suppliers must go through checks, coordinate themselves with other groups they may be in conjunction with and then at a date that they are available will you be connected. Delays in large construction works will be very expensive. (2) Fuel-efficient freight driving and renewable transport fuels (2) The Strategies considered for lowering the carbon emissions on the transportation of materials to site and waste from it are as follows: Use of vehicles that are more fuel efficient (2) Decreasing the quantities of materials transported (2) Use vehicles that consume low quantities of carbon fuels (hybrid vehicles) (2) Suitable loading of vehicles to increase the operation speeds and efficiency of vehicles. (2) By obtaining construction materials from suppliers in the local area you can make a reduction in the distance travelled. (2) By more efficient driving. Changing gears at the correct revolution and keeping a reasonable constant speed. (2) The issues with this are the execution and certification of staff training; also it will be expensive to train a large number of staff and drivers and that will also cost further delays. (2) Sharing knowledge about alternative sustainable fuels (2) In the UK and Europe diesel fuel is mostly used for generators and equipment on site but there is an interest in using an alternative sustainable fuel. Generators that are fuelled by bio diesel or gas powered are less carbon concentrated and would cut carbon emissions by 25%. These generators powered by diesel fuel have been tested on construction projects in the USA and in Europe and have been successful. The issues with this are supply, biodiesel is not a fuel that is regularly used and there are few people who produce it. With the use of sustainable fuels there might be issues that will arise with health and safety, the impacts, reliability, and performance. As the cost of buying biodiesel will be cheaper the cost of hiring a generator that has been modified to use biodiesel will be more as there are few. All those actions have been taken and will continue running in the construction section until 2012. Many problems arising from the other side, like financial and many delays to accomplish those actions. We might not successfully resolve and achieve all the actions according to the policies but at least we can see some progress of the construction industry part involving the environmental aspects. (2)

Saul Essay -- Religion, God

Change is inevitable. However, whether the change is good or bad depends on the individual. In the bible, Saul is described, at first, to be a â€Å"handsome man, and [that] there was not a more handsome person than he among the songs of Israel; from his shoulders and up he was taller than any of the people,† an image that appears the most fit for a king (1 Samuel 9:2). Conveniently, due to the people’s complaints and want of a king, Samuel finds Saul, the son of Kish from the tribe of Benjamites, with the help of God’s guidance and Saul is anointed as the first king of Israel. As king, Saul exploits valiant roles in battles and leads Israel with confidence, yet, as time goes on, Saul begins to undergo a transformation that will bring him closer to his â€Å"darker† side with every sin stacking on top of the previous flaw. It all appears to begin when Saul disobeys God’s orders, told through Samuel, to destroy all the Amalekites, by sparing the Agag ’s life, best livestock, and keeping onto the â€Å"good things† (1 Samuel 15:9). The change that Saul experiences is shaped by his flaws – greed, jealously, selfishness – that permeates his character, eventually leading to his demise. First off, Saul’s strengths before his change include being self-sufficient and having a strong grip on Israel. Saul is a character that seems to fend for himself in risky situations, such as when Saul was in a war with the Philistines, he waited for Samuel but when Samuel was delayed in his coming to Gilgal, Saul took matters into his own hands to please the Israelites, who were restless (1 Samuel 13:8-9). In addition, Saul is in command as king and holds true to his role, as he responds to the needs of Israelites yet he holds power to have the people obey his words... ...o that he can keep an eye on him and kill him when the time is right (1 Samuel 18:21). Lastly, the most apparent flaw is jealously, that takes root when he hears the people say â€Å"Saul has slain his thousands, And David his ten thousands† (1 Samuel 18-7) and flourishes as he no longer is the â€Å"anointed king by God.† For example, Saul is overcome with anger and jealously that he just throws a spear at David, while David is playing the harp for him (1 Samuel 18:10-11). Additionally, Saul continues to pursuit David out of spite and pure jealously and relentlessly targets David, even calling him an enemy, when his own daughter lets him go (1 Samuel 19: 17). This is Saul’s most dangerous flaw and irreversible turning point in his transformation, as he loses control of a logical mind, even hurling a spear at his own son Jonathan for letting David go (1 Samuel 20:33).

Research Paper of Eileen Chang

Eileen Chang’s life and the Influence of Chinese Literature Eileen Chang, or Chang Ailing, (1920 – 1995)  is one of the best novelists in Chinese modem literature history. Her work is known for its unique feminine elegance and classic beauty. She became famous and popular by the readers at that time when she published her first novel in 1943. Her amazing grasp of people’s psychology and her particular attitude toward life were seldom seen at the time. Her most famous works include Lust, Caution and Love in a Fallen City.The portrayal of her life in 1940s Shanghai and Japanese-occupied Hong Kong is remarkable in its focus on everyday life and the absence of the political subtext which characterized many other writers of the period. Poet and University of Southern California professor Dominic Cheung commented â€Å"had it not been for the political division between the Nationalist and Communist Chinese, she would have almost certainly won a Nobel Prize†. ( Wikipedia,org) Chang was born in Shanghai to a renowned family. Her parents divorced when Chang was five.In 1939, she was accepted into the University of  Hong Kong  to study literature. After two years, she also got an opportunity to study in the University of London; however, she had to give up while Hong Kong was occupied by the Japanese and then she went back to Shanghai. (China culture, â€Å"Eileen Chang's life in brief†) Chang was introduced to a famous editor, Shoujuan Chou in 1943. She gave him a few pieces of her writing and with his help, Chang soon became the most popular new writer in Shanghai.Within the next two years, she wrote Love in a Fallen City and The Golden Cangue. Her literary maturity was said to be beyond her age. The Golden Cangue has been regarded as one of the best novels in Chinese modern literature. In the early days of her career, Chang was famously associated with this comment: To be famous, I must hurry. If it comes too late, it will not bring me so much happiness †¦ Hurry, hurry, or it will be too late, too late! (  Lust, Caution,Penguin Classics.Retrieved April 26, 2011) After 1949, Chang’s literature was different from the mainstream literature; it became the greatest difficulty for her to be accepted, so she migrated to Hong Kong in 1952, where she worked as a translator for the American News Agency for three years. Then she left for the United States in the fall in 1955, never return to the mainland again. (China culture, â€Å"Eileen Chang's life in brief†) The Golden Cangue was popular short novel in America when it was published while Chang was not satisfied about the reputation in America.Her ambition led her to expend The Golden Cangue into a long novel. (Fujian translator association, â€Å" —- The Rouge of the North†) The Golden Cangue was adapted into Yuan Nu in 1967. Yuan Nu has been translated into The Rouge of the North in 1971 by herself. The Rouge of the North tel ls of the melancholy life of a lower-class woman trapped within the confines of an unhappy arranged marriage. Taking the reader through the stages of this woman's gradual descent into madness, it contains some of the most notable novelistic features of Chang's work. University of California, Irvine) She wrote about broken marriages in many of her books and most of her works were pessimistic overtones because of her unhappy childhood in a broken family. With the development of economic revolution in mainland China in the 1980’s, Chang was gradually accepted in China. Her works frequently deal with the tensions in love between men and women. Chang’s literature is a milestone of feminist consciousness and also reflects the Chinese feminism  literature after the May Fourth Movement. Chixui Chu, â€Å"On the Cultural Creativity in Fictions by Zhang-Ailing†) She was the first writer who gathered woman literature on politics and turbulence. In her novels there were d etailed descriptions on authentic thoughts and survival of middle-aged women in that particular generation. (Dongxia Cheng, â€Å"Analysis about Eiling Chang, the Gift Female Writer in Turbulent Days†) (www. studa. net) With the number of her fans increasing; she was accepted by mainland’s literature field and known as the greatest popular novelist with modern character in Chinese literature’s history. Works cited 1) Wikipedia, â€Å"Eileen Chang† 2) China culture, â€Å"Eileen Chang's life in brief† ;http://www. chinaculture. org/gb/en_artqa/2005-09/02/content_72379. htm; 3) —- The Rouge of the North < http://www. fjfyxh. com/article. php? id=23116> 4) Chixui Chu, â€Å"On the Cultural Creativity in Fictions by Zhang-Ailing† 5) Dongxia Cheng, â€Å"Analysis about Eiling Chang, the Gift Female Writer in Turbulent Days† 6) www. studa. net

Free Essays on Nonverbal Communication

by means of facial expressions, eye contact, gestures, postures, physical appearance, and tones of voice. The concept of nonverbal communication is complex. It is almost impossible to know exactly what it includes, but the majority of our talking is done without speaking. No one can speak more than one word at a time, but nonverbal messages can be sent in multiple ways at the same time. The meaning of nonverbal messages differs between cultures (Morreale, Spitzberg, and Barge, Human Communication: Motivation, Knowledge, & Skills, 119), races, and sometimes gender (Burgoon and Saine, The Unspoken Dialogue: An Introduction to Nonverbal Communication, 130). Nonverbal and verbal communications sometimes contradict each other because people are sometimes unaware of the nonverbal messages that they send (Morreale, Spitzberg, and Barge, Human Communication: Motivation, Knowledge, & Skills, 119). The movement of the body makes up a language, in which certain movements have specific meanings. Kinesics focuses on how people communicate through movement and posture, gestures, and the face and eyes (Morreale, Spitzberg, and Barge, Human Communication: Motivation, Knowledge, & Skills, 124). Kinesics refers to all types of body movement, except for touch, that may act as nonverbal communication. Body movement and posture are known as body language. Gestures are large and small movements of the hands and arms that send messages. Gestures complement our speech, bridge our silences, send unspoken messages, or express our approval or disapproval (Lamb and Watson, Body Code: The Meaning in Movement, 1). Negative gestures like fidgeting lets others know that a speaker is... Free Essays on Nonverbal Communication Free Essays on Nonverbal Communication Nonverbal Communication Nonverbal communication and language are different. There has been some research claiming that humans used nonverbal communication before they developed a language. Nonverbal communication is the process of sending and receiving messages without using words by means of facial expressions, eye contact, gestures, postures, physical appearance, and tones of voice. The concept of nonverbal communication is complex. It is almost impossible to know exactly what it includes, but the majority of our talking is done without speaking. No one can speak more than one word at a time, but nonverbal messages can be sent in multiple ways at the same time. The meaning of nonverbal messages differs between cultures (Morreale, Spitzberg, and Barge, Human Communication: Motivation, Knowledge, & Skills, 119), races, and sometimes gender (Burgoon and Saine, The Unspoken Dialogue: An Introduction to Nonverbal Communication, 130). Nonverbal and verbal communications sometimes contradict each other because people are sometimes unaware of the nonverbal messages that they send (Morreale, Spitzberg, and Barge, Human Communication: Motivation, Knowledge, & Skills, 119). The movement of the body makes up a language, in which certain movements have specific meanings. Kinesics focuses on how people communicate through movement and posture, gestures, and the face and eyes (Morreale, Spitzberg, and Barge, Human Communication: Motivation, Knowledge, & Skills, 124). Kinesics refers to all types of body movement, except for touch, that may act as nonverbal communication. Body movement and posture are known as body language. Gestures are large and small movements of the hands and arms that send messages. Gestures complement our speech, bridge our silences, send unspoken messages, or express our approval or disapproval (Lamb and Watson, Body Code: The Meaning in Movement, 1). Negative gestures like fidgeting lets others know that a speaker is... Free Essays on Nonverbal Communication The location I chose to perform my violation of a cultural norm was in an elevator. I used the elevator that is located in my dormitory’s building. After trying to decide which cultural norm to experiment with, I came to the conclusion to invade someone else’s space. The plan I created was to move closer to someone, in the elevator, than the normal space required, while communicating with this person. It was real difficult to engage in this kind this behavior. I have never performed an action similar to this one. People assume that other people will respect and follow the normal rules to communication. It took all my power to make myself break one of those rules. I have to say, however, I was real anxious to see how the person was going to react. Having never performed this action before, I had no idea what to expect or how the person was going to act. The reaction of the person I performed my experiment on was one that I could have anticipated. When I first began to move closer to the person they performed no reaction. They showed no look that they acknowledge my changed behavior. After noticing this I decided to move even closer to the person. This time the person saw that I invade their space and took a small step back. Even though I didn’t know what to expect form this experiment, I had an idea that the initial reaction by the person would be to move back. I wasn’t satisfied with the person just moving back. I wanted the person to show a more defined reaction that would show they didn’t appreciate what I was doing. After the person stepped back, I took a step towards them once again. The person repeated the same movement they did before. I decided to take one more step forward and the person reacted verbally. The person, who had no idea who I was, asked me â€Å"what the heck I was doing.† At this point I could tell this person wasn’t pleased with me, and I decided to explain my experiment to them. The personï ¿ ½... Free Essays on Nonverbal Communication The usage of the eyes in nonverbal communication is a perpetual, trusted form of communication. As we communicate, we normally look into each others eyes trying to decode messages and enhance our ability to interact with the sender. This is one of the essential functions of the eyes, as a monitor of interaction. Environmental cues are a stimulus related function, which are sometimes out of our control of receiving and responding to. Eye contact however, enables us to have mutual communication in order to pickup other cues. By better executing proper communication cues you can see the â€Å"eye of the beholder†. Within interpersonal communication, being able to see beyond what the eyes are saying makes being able to accurately communicate possible. The eye is constantly communicating with the environment. Either by instinctively having a stimulus response or by intentionally directing vision, the eye serves as a mediator to the brain. The messages the eyes send to the brain bring about thought processes. For instance, when you see the stove is on and you avoid putting your hand on it or seeing a flash a lightning causing you to jump. As possibility the most necessary and frequent usage of the eye, it is not interpersonal. However, when foreseen by someone other than yourself that you are engaging in communication, whether intentional or not, it is. While the eyes may not be seen as a vital part of interpersonal communication, they are part of the face and a complimentary aspect of verbal communication. They can supportively coincide with or be contradictory to the overall communication taking place. Eye cues may even take the place of verbal communication as when staring harshly into someone’s eyes, or rolling th em in a disregarding manner. Understanding the messages you can send and understanding those that are received are essential to communication. The eyes are the most noticeable aspect of a person’s face. Whether...

The whole towns sleeping Essays

The whole towns sleeping Essays The whole towns sleeping Paper The whole towns sleeping Paper Throughout this essay I intend to compare and contrast the effectiveness of the different narrative styles used in the two short stories, A Terribly Strange Bed and The Whole Towns Sleeping. The stories were written about one hundred years apart, The Whole Towns Sleeping in 1950 and A Terribly Strange Bed, much earlier in 1856. This means that not only will the portrayal of the stories vary based upon the individual styles of writing of the authors but also the social history of the times of writing will be quite different. A Terribly Strange Bed is a story written in the first person narrative, which means it is written as a personal account of the events within the story from the point of view of the main character. It is usually written as a character recalling the story to someone else after the events have taken place. The Whole Towns Sleeping on the other hand is a story written in the third person narrative which means it is written from the point of view of an invisible bystander who plays no part in the actual story. It is written as the events take place and is much like a fly on the wall kind of perspective. The outline of the story in The Whole Towns Sleeping is that there is an air of tension building in a small town as a man nicknamed the lonely one is going around killing women But the others strangled four of them, their tongues sticking out of their mouths, they say. The main theme of the story is about the reactions and feelings of three maiden ladies as they walk through the town in the dark of night to visit the cinema. The tension and fear of the story is increased as the women find the body of a friend who has been missing, Eliza Ramsell, and their response is not to return to the safety of their homes, but is to continue with their plans to walk on, to the cinema. The ladies even flout the advice of the police to return home immediately after the film showing and end up walking through the town at midnight when nearly all the other residents are safely locked up in their homes asleep. The climax of the story comes when the ladies have to separate as they reach their individual homes and Lavinia Nebbs is left to walk the last five minutes alone through the deep, deep and black, black ravine. The story ends with a twist as Lavinia finally reaches the safety of being inside her home. A Terribly Strange Bed is a story about a gambler who visits, as blackguard a place, by all respect, as you should ever wish to see. This is a dirty gambling house where the subject of the story has an astonishing run of good luck and is fortunate enough to break the bank. Whilst playing he is befriended by a rather suspicious specimen of an old soldier. This soldier later gets the subject drunk and leads him to a room where the terribly strange bed is situated. As the subject tries to sleep he becomes aware that the bed he is lying on is closing down upon him, threatening to suffocate him. He just manages to escape with his life, by rolling from the moving bed and leaving the gambling house via his bedroom window and then slipping down a water pipe into the street below. The plots of the two stories are quite different but the themes of creating an atmosphere of fear and tension are very similar. In both stories there is a protagonist who is domineering and who is confidant of themselves and the moves that they take. They do not listen to their peers and dont accept advice very well. However, the tension of the two stories is developed in quite different fashions. In The Whole Towns Sleeping there is a slow accumulation of many events each adding to the tension before the climax is reached when Lavinia, the protagonist, crosses the ravine. In contrast, in A Terribly Strange Bed there isnt as much build up of tension and less events happen prior to the moment when the antagonist attempts murder on the protagonist. However, there is a greater use of language and dialect making the story as long as The Whole Towns Sleeping, but less busy. From the very start there are clues as to what the stories are about, A Terribly Strange Bed starts to build a disturbing atmosphere with a very detailed description of the gambling house which the protagonist and his friend visit. Phrases like,here there was nothing but tragedy and the spectacle was something to weep over, suggests a perfect setting for harm to befall the character. The use of these phrases in the first person shows both opinion and emotion. This is an effective way of setting the scene because an image of a dirty, dimly lit room with badly dressed, unshaven tramps sitting and leaning against walls is immediately thrown into the mind of the reader, creating a sense of trepidation. In The Whole Towns Sleeping the first hint of fear is suggested by the title of the movie the ladies are to attend Welcome, Danger!

Distribution Strategy and Plan Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Distribution Strategy and Plan - Coursework Example Early last year, representatives from the UNIQLO Company, including its chairman Tadashi Yanai, met Indian minister of state for industry and commerce, Nirmala Sitharaman. The Company also met with Indian minister of textile Santosh Kumar Gangwar. The purpose of these meetings was to establish sourcing arrangements with the various companies available in India. Currently in India UNIQLO operates under single-brand retail, where it has invested heavily in retail infrastructure and has set up stores strategically within India. UNIQLO had been eyeing the Indian market for a while prior to their initiative to penetrate its vast market but had postponed its plans in order to carefully consider the uncertainties that plague the Indian market. Using a local company’s distribution channel will allow UNIQLO to deal with consumers that it could not have economically reached using its own sales force. A network already established by other company’s provides you with a ready-made network and coverage of other regions of the country without prior investment of your own resources (Westwood 2011). In addition, working with an already established network of distribution will give UNIQLO access to a readily available array of customers, which will increase the size of its potential customer base without having to incur additional marketing and sales costs. Nokia’s exclusive stores, known as property dealers are franchised outlets. Franchisees ought to fulfill certain criteria, such as, in the emergence of a store that can be converted into a priority dealer, a certain number of footfalls must be available, and the store’s location should be prime in that region, among other standards. The Nokia Company assists these outlets in terms of visual marketing, furniture and so forth against a deposit from the store owner, refundable at the end of

'The employment relationships is based on a contract entered into by Essay

'The employment relationships is based on a contract entered into by equal parties but it is in fact a relationship characterised by parties with unequal power' - Essay Example While employment and the process of working for a particular employer may be defined in legal terms with contract documents and legal definitions which try to be as exact as possible, it is the psychological contract between the employer and the employee which is difficult to define and creates the inequality in the relationship. Any company would like to keep individuals working for the company engaged and motivated in their work. However, the process of engaging individuals as well as providing the motivation to all concerned parties is not an easy one (Vance, 2006). Establishing the psychological contract requires careful management, an understanding of what motivates certain individuals and understanding the work-life balance which prevents employees from burning out (Erdogan, 2005). These responsibilities may be considered as a part of the equation on the side of the employer but then dedication and devotion must also be offered from the employee to create a balanced psychological contract. There are several examples of companies employing effective policies and others where the policies may not be that effective and these can be discussed in the light of theoretical analysis to show how company policies can influence the employment relationship with a view to the psychological contract. Robinson and Rousseau (1994) suggest that the psychological contract is significant for all sides of the employment contract and those employees who are given employment with the company always hope to obtain more benefits from their employment in future. As per the meaning of the term the psychological contract is the implicit contract of various understandings between the company and the workers as they relate to both the expectations of the employees and the obligations of the employer (Emott, 2006). For example, as reported by Welch (2005), when employees are heavily rewarded for high performance