Article in Africa Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

In Africa - Article Examplee, director for African Humans Rights Watch, insists The government, and the industries and farmers themselves, need to do a lot more to protect people who live and work on farms. The workers undoubtedly have to get by with plague-like conditions in which pesticides are subject, lack of accesses to toilets is hindered, drinking water is not available, and to efforts are conducted to protect the workers through a union. In addition, he worked with closely with another association that produced a report known as just with Abuse Human Rights Conditions in South Africas Fruit and Wine Industries. Undeniably, the farm workers have no say on regulations but continue to suffer drastically. No evidence has been found to document every actions that is taken by the government to protect these workers. Although South Africa has laws that guarantee wages, benefits, and housing conditions one cannot refute the feature that these big companies continue to push these workers into misery. The majority of the current and former farm workers interviewed about these conditions said they had been exposed to pesticides without adequate safety equipment. When farm workers are inflicted with sickness, they are not granted any sick years unless they present a medical certificate. Clearly, the government needs to address this issue in order to prove living

Battle tactics of the U.S. Civil war Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Battle tactics of the U.S. Civil war - Essay ExampleWar broke out and the rifles became a major tactical weapon of this war. (Dupuy, 82)The armed services leaders of that era were aware that the single-valued function of the improved rifles in the war would certainly change the tactics that were used on the battlefield. At the etymon of the war, most of the rifles had slow dismissal muzzles. Thus, the men were grouped together to form a huge tawdriness of firing unit, which would cause more damage to the opposition making them leave the battlefield. Although, later on, the effective wind of the rifles and other weapons improved, the basic formation of the men remained the same. If the men were arranged in bittie groups then it would be very difficult for the leaders to mightily control them and make them fight. Thus, to avoid such chaos, the units of men were properly trained in the weaponry division. The officers attempted to train the soldiers such that the troops could deli ver their maximum say-so and use their firepower properly to avoid losing. For example, the Zouaves were taught to drop down on the ground suddenly before the resistance unit could strike at them, then suddenly rise and charge them with their bayonets. However, when there were failures the troops, and not the tactics, were blamed. Griffith mentions, It does appear to be the case that tactical attacks in the Civil War attained their local objectives rather little frequently than those of Napoleonic times, although that does not necessarily mean that they were less useful in determining the closing result of hanks or campaigns. (Griffith, 29)We also saw the use of a number of new and improved military techniques in the war. There were many revolutionary developments in the use of ammunitions and firearms. The improvement in the use of the miniskirt Bullet or Mini Ball allowed a person to load the rifle and fire it at a greater speed than what was possible earlier. The most impor tant developments came in the rifles, which played a describe role in the development of the tactics of the war, although they were not new to the fighters. Earlier a pan of pulverisation was used in the firearm. However, before the war the percussion cap was invented where a cap was used to faint the gunpowder in the firearm. This make it possible to use the weapon in almost all withstand types. The percussion lock also improved the rate of firing of the rifle. The manner in which the musket barrel was pillage was also improved. This had a positive effect on its accuracy and range. Earlier the effective range of the fluid bore musket was only to the highest degree 300 ft. Thus, this created dangers for the bearer. Nevertheless, after rifling the barrel, the effective range was increased to about 750 to 900 ft. Thus, this made the bearer of the gun more deadly and dangerous. A huge improvement was also made in the firearm design of the multi-shot rifle. The 1855 model and late r on the 1861 model rifles adopted the use of the .58 dullard and made it there standard for the infantry weapons. (Woodworth, 34-7)Infantry was the primary combat section of the military in the American Civil War. The infantry of the American Civil War mainly comprised of the foot soldiers and mostly had small weapons in the beginning. However, as the war progressed

Golden Rule Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Golden Rule - Essay recitationIt was not meant as a guide to pr playical choice separate from all new(prenominal) principles of conduct. It has vigour to say about specific choices, nor does it vouch certain honorableistic principles, ideals, or virtues.The golden rule relates, rather, to a perspective thought vital to the exercise of even the most basic morality that of trying to frame oneself in the place of those extend toed by ones actions, so as to counter the instinctive tendency to moral shortsightedness. It instructs listeners to continue others with the respect and understanding they themselves would wish to come across, and not to cause misfortunes on others that they would detest to acquire caused upon themselves.The golden rule put emphasis on the ethic of empathy treat others as you would like them to treat you. Empathy relies on understanding that the other mortal senses pains as you do or will olfaction gladness as much as you do if they ar properly dealt w ith. If another person is mourning, you get his/her grief and offer consolation. If another is hurt, you go out of your way to extend help and you treat the hurt person with support to prevent further suffering.Empathy, however, is not equally present among human beings, nor is any person incessantly empathetic for others. Some are deficient in empathy and are selfish, irresponsible and do injure to others with out feeling any remorse. The natural tendency is to treat only a number of other people, immediate members of a select convention, and to be distrustful of and unreceptive to everyone else. Empathy can stimulate on in one circumstance and hold off in another situation. Once a particular group labels that non-members are threats, empathy is switched off and group members treat outsiders as though they were intruders.Actual situations may well affect how we relate the golden rule by looking at the practical significance of differences between experiences such(prenominal) as observing another, how one would feel in the situation of another, what is the feeling of another, what is the world from the perception of the other, the continue of an action on the other, how the other would judged the fairness of anothers act, and taking the others viewpoint clearly into consideration in moral decision-making. Imagining oneself, however, in the situation of another is not plainly required by the golden rule, nor is it a exigency or adequate state for sound moral judgment. At times one acts it but waistcloth unenlightened because of unawareness or self-deception, and occasionally one comprehends intuitively what is to be performed without any definite act of imagination.We normally presuppose that we understand others intuitively, that we empathize truly, that our expressions of sympathy are appropriate. Despite our usual dependence on empathy to enlighten us about another, our emphatic feeling of others often gives the wrong impression. The golden rule instru cts us to treat others as we want others to treat us, thus implicitly advancing the assumption that there are important shared aims or similarities between the self and another. Over dependence on commonalities can muffle receptiveness to diversity just as much as being overly impressed with dissimilarity can make people blind to empathy. If the golden rule is to be understood as supporting(a) complacency about empathizing with others, then the rule would seem

Leadership Capability Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Leadership Capability - Research Paper ExampleThese are the main areas that I sine qua non to improve on as a loss leader. As a leader with such weaknesses, I leave al peerless agree that the subordinates are aware of the fact that their inefficiency forget not be tolerated in either way. Ways of improving this include having talks with the subordinates to explain their decisions on various issues. I leave alone as well as engage the subordinates in friendly activities. However, when it comes to awarding punishments I will not be friendly or take sides. In any organization, for subordinates to follow the laid down procedures, the leader needs to be reliable to the point and articulate. As the leader, I will occasionally seek assistance from other employees in areas where more assistance is required. All subordinates need to feel that their employer is friendly, but this is only to a certain extent. Therefore, I will ensure that employees are more cooperative and self-initia tive (Adair, 2011). Chapter 3 shows that as a leader I am involved in working moderately with what the subordinates are doing. My strengths include being able to coordinate with the subordinates and benignant in what they are doing. As a leader, I am able to lick things work and make valid decisions with the consideration of how it affects others. My weaknesses, as highlighted in the score, include not being fascinated by technical work and not being able to work with abstract ideas. These are the two main reasons wherefore I had a low score. One of the steps that I need to take as a leader so as to improve is to adapt to technical issues. To adapt I will ensure that the issues which I do not understand are explained to me in ways that are interesting. I will also ensure that there is a competent subordinate who will be in a position to deal with such issues. In all organizations, most subordinates prefer a leader who is an all-around(prenominal) person. Hence, as the leader, I will ensure that they view me as a competent individual in all aspects concerning the firm. An all-around leader, in a successful organization, is perceived by the subordinates as a person who can solve their problems. These are not just any problems but only those that are think to the organization. Addressing weaknesses such as these, will involve all my time and ensuring that I get all the data required when dealing with employees new ideas. This approach, in my opinion, is likely to solve my weakness because having all the information will assist me to have more confidence in the ideas presented by the employees. In a successful organization, when a leader makes a point of doing the research individually, his or her actions increase the level of confidence among subordinates (Godwyn and Gittell, 2011). The fact that the leader is involved in what subordinates are doing, shows that he/she is a suitable leader. Hence, to strengthen my strong book of factsistics, I will ensure that my subordinates view me as a leader who is concerned with their problems at work. Chapter 4 shows that as a leader I have the ability to effectively deal with group work. This is a crucial character trait of a leader in organizations where most work is done in groups. In this chapter, this is one of my key strengths. I scored highly, but there are some areas that need to be improved. One of the areas that need to be improved is my social aspect of being a leader. It is clear from the test scores that I am not in a position to solve

Economic (OPEC Research Project) Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Economic (OPEC Project) - enquiry Paper ExampleThis is because inunct price is based on US dollar. The change in the order of dollar and how the currency of the importing nation is adjusted with the value of dollar determines the price and hence the consume for petroleum (Elekdag, 2007)OPEC try to maintain stability in rock oil supply by decreasing or increasing the amount of oil its member countries produce. They have spare capacity of oil production. OPEC has 80% of the oil reserves in the world. This enables them to supply oil to meet increased demand (Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries, 2010).The sparing growth in many countries is enhancing the demand for oil. The world is dependent on oil as an verve source because alternative sources of energy are not available and those that are available are expensive. joined States leads in oil import. The increasing number of vehicles and increase in population has increased the demand for oil (Elekdag, 2007).The world s most spotful countries are dependent on OPEC for their oil supply. OPEC has oligopoly in the oil market. They have an impact on industrial society. They have a big role to play in the economic development of nations. Their power is demonstrated by the fact that the economies of the world will come to a standstill if they stop their oil supply. They can use this fact for their political advantage to increase their power and control the powerful economies of the world (Goodlaw & Et. Al., 2003).The Federal government has not been able to change their energy policies because the dependency on oil of these countries has not yet been reduced. Alternative sources of energy are not available. The energy indemnity is a sensitive issue and thus they could not afford to bring about a study change that could result in difficult situations (Obama Biden, 2010).The Federal policy should be reviewed. Overdependence on oil makes the arena vulnerable and threatens national security. Alternativ e sources of energy like biofuels should be used.

Childcare past, present, and future Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Childcare past, mystify, and future - Essay ExampleThis task explores childcare in the past present and future.The role of women and the family structure have shifted significantly in the past two decades. Currently, over fifty percent of mothers with preschool offspring are employed outside their homes while a majority of these women are single parents. Thus, many another(prenominal) parents rely on their non family members to provide the needed childcare supports while they are working. All through history, families engaged the services of friends or non family members to watch over their kids. In US, child care movement emanated from the reform and welfare movements of the 19th century (Berenbeim 112). Day care was informed by the need to care for working chassis and immigrant children while their impoverished parents worked.The present day care centers evolved from day nurseries that began ahead of time in 1840s in Boston. The early childcare facilities including nurseries cared for children of widows of merchant and working wives who were disadvantaged and economically deprived group in community (Bridgman 89). solving facilities were established in an effort to promote care for immigrant siblings. Child care was founded as a common service to alleviate the child care challenges of parents who had to labor and to prevent children from wandering the streets (Bridgman 56).Child care is a subject of significant public interest for various reasons (Childrens Defense Fund 2). The dramatic rise in the participation of the labor force by mothers is the key factor affecting the demand for care. Presently, majority of US families with children have the mothers, in the salaried labor force. Correspondingly, trend affecting the need for child care is the particle of mothers who are the primary sole financial supporter of their kids either because of separation, divorce or they never married. Additionally,

Fallacies in Advertisement Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Fallacies in Advertisement - Essay ExampleWith the smidge line reach your dreams, the ad was castigateing to associate the product with the accomplishments of the three men who were featured. Upon looking at the advertisement, a couple of questions occurred to me suppose I would take in such product, would that needfully feed my dreams? And what would feed my dreams mean actually? It was so ambiguous that any meaning could be associated with it. Suppose I try to give it some meaning, which was to encourage me and make my dreams come true like those men who were featured, would that make it similar to what muscleman Milk was trying to portray in the ad? And what dreams would the product make come true, totally those who dream to be like those rookies and top athletes? It seemed to me, with this ad, that Muscle Milk was trying to put some causal link between taking in their product and the successful moves of the three athletes. Would a successful career be a product of taking in a supplement like that? It does non necessarily follow, thus, this ad had committed fallacy of false cause.Like some of the more informed consumers, I endlessly looked for some reason to believe as regards the claim of a companys product in its advertisement. The one thing that I had noted in this advertisement was the reason to believe provided the wrong imprimatur to back up the claim. I then asked myself, would I believe this advertisement in its claim for the benefits that Muscle Milk would offer if I were to buy some supplements? Should I not consult a nutritionist or a nutritionist in order for me to know the effects of taking in such product to my body, had I wanted to reap the benefits that the product claimed? Therefore, if the claim to the benefits should prove to be true, surely, it should be the dietitians and not the athletes who were to be consulted? If the benefits were to be measured in terms of the effects to

Urban tourism in Bath Field Report Dissertation

Urban tourism in Bath country Report - Dissertation ExampleUrban tourism is often perceived as an opportunity for a community centre to economically advance itself and its residents. However, the urbanization process usually entails many transformations that compromise or so local values and advantages towards achieving and importanttaining attractive spaces in a city.This is with the goal to keep back growth of business and the communities,attraction of visitors,provide reasons for spending,and some other social and economic gains Some of the results and effects, however may be adverse to the communitys eudaemonia such as increase social problems of migration and unsustain able population growth, and environmental degradation. This paper through participant observation, was able to identify some of the environmental problems that Bath as a city currently experiences in its take in charge to sustain and maintain the area as an urban tourist destination. Changes throughout histo ry have make it one of the more architecturally blessed cities of the world with its original tourist attraction. The growing population and deal for urban tourism, however, has brought in environmental issues such as reduction of green belt and parks to sustain housing demand, surge of water costs, garbage collection and disposal, as well as disease manipulate and prevention. It was noted that these issues should be addressed through adoption of policy on sustainability as well as strict implementation of cooperation to achieve sustainable goals. Chapter 1 Introduction Man has always kept pitiful like a butterfly. Most of us cannot stay in one place for long. I myself am like that and man should have been born with wings or wheels, for easy transport. In every idiosyncratic there is a passion to soar in the clouds and go to the distant end of the earth. However, choice is hold where he can go to or how. Some people indulge in the joy of tourism. Tourism means that one goes out to different areas of the world enjoying the sites, culture, and the recreations. Many tourists enjoy their life and rest that touring provides. Touring gives an aura of cool nomads, happy to go where the wind and water takes them (Buckley & Littlefair, 2007). Urban pertains to the city areas and its lifestyle. Many main cities of Europe, the Americas, Asia, and everywhere have unique traits to show off. However, creating and reinventing urban areas to become a tourist spots is a difficult and long process, with lots of work, and costly investments. Urban areas are places that require a much tending and cooperation between leaders, the private sectors, the public and even outsiders to turn into one a tourist attraction. According to Lundie et al (2007) the four qualities of a city tourist spot are 1) High physical densities of structures, people and functions 2) hearty and cultural heterogeneity, 3) Economic mal-functionalism and 4) Physical centrality within regional and interu rban systems. Demands for urban tourism rose rapidly receivable to the need to sustain growth as well posterity. However, urban tourism is multipurpose and multidimensional in nature. National and local governments in cooperation with various sectors invest in selected areas which are considered attractions such as malls, entertainment zones, historical districts, redevelopment zones, ethnic and sacred spaces. Tourists flock to areas that provide accommodation, transport, best facilities, attraction and guides. However, tourist triumph does not equate to a beautiful and healthy environment as urbanism and tourism address akin problems of growth, density, demand, and other forces that require sustainability and balance. Tourist spots are from time to time reconsidered to sustain healthy, safe, and nurturing spaces. This paper result try to identify different environment impacts of tourism in Bath, United Kingdom, point out

Discussion Forum 4 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

password Forum 4 - Essay ExampleIn this regard, this paper discusses appropriate solutions to the problem of brownouts using a combination of renewable and non-renewable pushing sources, supporting the proposed solution on both economic and environmental grounds.Fundamentally, the non-renewable energy sources, which are the most commonly exploited energy sources, normally deplete at their respective deposits (Walker, 2010). This way that the continued exploitation of the non-renewable sources is not sustainable as compared to the renewable energy sources (Heinberg, 2004). The major sources of non-renewable energy embarrass fossil fuels whose deposits cannot guarantee the energy demands of the future generations. On the other hand, renewable energy sources such as nuclear, hydro, wind and solar energy play an important role in ensuring that the world attains a sustainable energy exploitation and use (Johnston & Master, 2004).Unfortunately, the non-renewable energy sources are hea ding for depletion leading to rampant situations of brownouts. This is particularly so because the current level of exploitation of the renewable energy sources is not adequate to meet the global demand (Johnston & Master, 2004). This is despite the fact that major players channel enormous amounts of resources to the project each year in attempts to uphold the use of cleaner energy for both domestic and industrial purposes. In addition, brownouts occur majorly because a capacious majority of the energy created is lost through wastage rather than conservation (Walker, 2010). In this regard, the best suggestion would be that the world be more cautious with the non-renewable energy due to the numerous environmental challenges such as waste disposal and interruption to the ecosystem. An approach that leans towards storing energy would work best for many countries in the lessening of cases of brownouts

Joy luck club Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

felicity luck purchase order - Essay ExampleThe inception of the prologue in the film and the presentation of the film along with its large scaled and detailed camerawork have made the film appear like a river bound to the tune of wind or fall of words from poetic imagination. This essay intends to focus on the thematic aspect of the film, along with its myriad technical dimensions which provided it a strong and unique perception altogether. THE JOY fate CLUB THE TRAJECTORY Life has different twists and turns, crest and fall and people amid all the complexities and hustle and bunko game of liveness forget to retaliate upon the lost moments of profanity. The film gratification Luck Club captures and upholds different tough and intimate moments between families and life where subtle and intricate human relations and values operating upon the ground substance of myriad social and economic aspects find its profound expression. The film depicts a development of a beau monde form ed by four women it can be seen as a strong discourse of women dominance depicted within the societal change and structure of contemporary the States. The club had a different objective, the members of the club indulged themselves in playing, mahjong and over the span of years they have involved themselves in telling and manduction the stories of their lives with each other. Their life trajectory speaks particularly roughly a societal transition in America. And, diverse dimensions of Chinese immigrants to America surface out with full force into the plot of the film. The women discuss their passage to America from China, their pursuit and dream, their desire and disappointment. The way they remarried in America for a better life and gave birth to their children on this land itself be very much contextual. Another theme of the film is the space or vacuum-clean that evolves due to generation gap and a space which forms due to the transition of culture and inter-cultural exchange s against the cosmopolitan backdrop. atomic number 53 can find highly ambitious mothers setting high hopes and keeping high faiths upon their daughters who are about to replace them. The daughters face a lot of troubles treading down the paths of success full of anxieties and a stark timbre of inappropriateness that haunts them. Moreover, through the course of understanding and empathizing with each other, the mothers and daughters at the Joy Luck Club are able to bridge their differences (Johnston, FILM / The tears of living dangerously Wayne Wang called Oliver Stones films evil Stone called Wangs boring. The novelist Amy Tan brought them together. By Sheila Johnston). The film is initiated with a short prologue by June a narrative which is very poetic in draw and followed by Junes farewell party at San Francisco and her plunge to reunite with her long forgotten correspond sisters at China indicate a sense of unification with ones forgotten result that build the essence of the theme operating within the film. There are also guests at Joy Luck Club, mainly constituted by the mothers, their daughters and the friends and relatives. Each of the members narrate their story of conflict, dream and struggle in the alien land of the United States of America which builds a strong discourse upon the nature of immigration and life of the immigrants in America. The most fascinating technical aspect of the film The Joy Luck Club is its cinematography and tight-lipped editing apart from

World of work bronze statement Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 2

World of work bronze educational activity - Assignment ExampleI encounter been involved in working with others to avoid and clarify all arising ambiguities. I generate great customer service skills illustrated by my abilities of meeting as well as exceeding my customer expectations. I scram the ability of anticipating the future customer needs and picture customers in truth special to the organization. I always will be responsible to develop long-term customer kindred to enhance organizational growth. I have the ability of going an extra mile for the customer and regard them to be very important.I have made high quality decisions based on system of logic and analytic skill information. I have the ability of breaking very complex data in to smaller component parts as well I poses the ability of considering different outcomes of a variable course of actions. I have drawn important conclusion for conflicting information sources and I have made sound decisions in a timely manner . However, I need to develop effective communion skills that I need for my potential employment option. I am a little bit incertain and I lack hefty verbal communication skills when dealing with my fellow workers. I have strong ideas but I hardly air my ideas, which I need to improve on. Following this, I have been involved in various presentation talks in my previous job and in the future, I plan to improve on my communication skills and become more assertive.I have work set that drive and motivate me towards attainment of my goals and objectives. I possess the ability of managing and prioritizing my work effectively in a timely manner. I can work alone and take responsibility of my own time and work. by dint of personal organizational skills and effective time management, I have been able to rise in the ranks to the sales and purchasing manager in my previous job career. Through good personal management, I have been able to emergence as a top student and attained my masters intelligence

The popular crowd (summary and response) Assignment

The popular crowd (summary and response) - appellative ExampleAccording to his study of Narcissism Personality Index it is revealed that American teenagers are highly narcissist. He also explores BIGR ( bask in reflection glory) in relevance to life of a personal companion to celebrity Annie Brent well. In final section the author travels to Pittsburgh where he meets diehard fans of Rod Stewart and realizes the fixation for fame has taken over the country.It is unfortunate to understand the impression the celebrities can have on growing children. In adolescence their psyche is tender enough to be manipulated and obsession with celebrities can bring about adversities in youngsters. The media has a big hand in such a narcissist attitude among American teenagers as it systematically promotes celebrity- oriented shows. The society conveys to the children that being popular make life easy .Such social conditioning is spartan and can hamper the life of teenagers. The parents and schoo l authorities need to create awareness among children to be real about their future and have set goals. The author has been justifiable in his discussions and celebrity obsession is a fact among American

To teach children about the prevention about spreading germs and the Essay

To teach children somewhat the stripe about spreading germs and the cold and flu - Essay ExampleSince viruses are micro organisms, they cannot be seen with naked eyes. When the viruses of infectious diseases like cold and flu, enter our body, they reproduce industriously and damage cells by secreting poisonous toxins. We become imbalanced when healthy cells of our body are destroyed. Infection is the stage when the viruses invade our body and enter cells to start rapid reproduction process. The rapid multiplication produces a huge number of viruses which then destroy their host cells and effort diseases. The physical symptoms like sneeze, fever, cough, running nose etc. occur as a result of energizing of antibodies and other such agents of the bodys immunity system that resist or fight the nocent foreign agents (viruses), resulting in physical symptoms The symptoms are indication that our body has started reacting to the invasion of foreign bodies and may postulate appropria te backup mechanisms like medicines to kill those germs.Working with a group of four children in the executing and learning methods of the preventive measures was a whole new experience. The curiosity and enthusiasm of the children was contagious and put throughing different measures of prevention turned out to be a great learning experience, which was full of fun. Initially washing hands became a big issue with the children alone when their hands were put under the microscope and they saw micro organisms, they were quick to adopt this habit Showing the presence of micro-organisms was a huge motivator for the children to take up and implement other preventive measures in their daily life. They also assured that all their friends and family members would also be certain about the need to wash hands not only as prevention against the infectious diseases but also for healthy living.Information about balanced diet had become a big confer but ultimately all the children agreed that they all

What differences an entrepreneur from the small business owner Essay

What differences an entrepreneur from the small business possessor - Essay Exampledifferentiates entrepreneur from the small business owner by critically reviewing the theorists that have studied this area before draft copy a conclusion.Small business sector is characterized by a range of activities undertaken by the managers of small firms. A small business owner refers to an individual who establishes and manages a business for the principal purpose of furthering personal goals (Carland et al., 1984, 358). The major conditions include business has to be the primary source of income takes majority of owners time and resources. Moreover, owner considers business as an extension of his or her personality and ties family needs and desires in an intricate manner (Carland et al., 1984, 358).On the other hand, an entrepreneur is an individual who establishes and manages a business for the principal purposes of profit and growth (Carland et al., 1984, 358).Entrepreneurship is distingui shed by innovative behaviour and application of strategic management practices in the business (Carland et al., 1984, 358). Despite the fact that there is a plethora of definition of entrepreneurship, there is general consensus that it involves a transformational process of market change conducted by specific kind of managers (Stokes and Nicolas, 2006, 29). Despite considerable overlap between small business and entrepreneurship, both concepts are distinguishable. All new business ventures cannot be categorized as entrepreneurial in nature.Entrepreneurship is not a new phenomenon as people have been referring to entrepreneurs for hundreds of years. The word entrepreneur originates from the French that refers to someone who takes between or goes between. In early days, the term represented a middleman who used to direct the resources that are provided by others. During middle ages, entrepreneurs managed huge projects on the behalf of landowners or church, for instance, building a ca stle or cathedral. The concept became more(prenominal) complex with addition of

Research paper onAutism-- pathophysiology and diagnostic tests Essay

Research paper onAutism-- pathophysiology and diagnostic tests - Essay ExampleAutism is a life-long developmental rowdiness affecting as many as 1 in 500 children. The causes for this profound disorder are largely unknown (White).Several pathophysiological conditions are responsible to cause autism, and one of them is Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF). HGF is a polypeptide growth factor which acts by binding to the MET tyrosine kinase receptor. HGF influences the growth, motility and morphogenesis of various epithelial and endothelial cells and functions as a trophic factor for organ regeneration. Accumulating evidence suggest that HGF and its receptor MET play a role in neuronal cell development. First, HGF and its receptor MET are widely expressed in the developing and mature black eye brain, with expression beginning as early as embryonic day 12 (E12) and E13, respectively Second, HGF promotes the migration of cortical interneurons from the ventral to the dorsal telencephalon in r odents,and HGF-MET signaling systems are implicated in regulating the proliferation and differentiation of cerebellar granule cells. Furthermore, HGF plays a role in regulating the morphology of cortical pyramidal dendrites in the early postnatal period, and endogenous levels of HGF are necessary for the normal development of these neurons. Taken together, these findings Sugihara et al., 2007 suggested that HGF may be a chance for mediating interneuron development in vivo. In this study, these researchers studied whether serum HGF levels in subjects with high-functioning autism are altered as compared with age-matched profound controls. Furthermore, they also examined the relationship between serum HGF levels and clinical symptoms in subjects with autism. The findings suggested that disruption of the HGF-MET signaling systems results in labyrinthine alterations in GABAergic interneuron development in the forebrain. Taken together, it is likely that decreased HGF levels may be

The important of Civic Engagement & social capital and community Essay

The important of Civic Engagement & social capital and alliance strength of Civic Engagement - Essay ExampleMoreover, it would similarly entail a brief description of the boilersuit activities of the project that is, the specific activities that will be undertaken in the project and how they may impact on the local communities.The introductory section would also describe the ways in which the local communities may be act in the development project and the pertinence of using the identified engagement methods. Additionally, brief information concerning the plosive that would be taken to engage the local communities and the specific departments where the local communities shall be engaged.Engagement of the local confederation Under this section, information concerning the pertinence of loving local communities in any exoteric development shall be discussed. It would also entail provision of case studies, in a brief manner concerning past happy development projects that under took civic engagements in their development projects.Negative impacts that might arise in case the public is not engaged in the development project shall also be elaborated. Consequently, information regarding associated costs of engaging the local community in the development project shall also be discussed i.e. the amount of financial resources that may be needed to engage the local community.The potential roles that could be played by the local communities shall also be described in this section for instance provision of local construction materials, assessment of thinkable conflict that could occur and developing solutions, awareness creation concerning the importance of the development project within the city, appellative of community perception concerning the development project as well as seeking the support of the community concerning the road development project.Role of project developers in the civic engagement Information regarding the roles

Women and men Essay Example for Free

Women and men EssayNon abandon is a philosophy that has been used as a strategy to puzzle out change. It follows a line which rejects the itinerary of violence. This method of using an alternate to aggression and armed struggle against oppression has been preached and practiced from time immemorial. In recent times, non violence has been used as a means for getting India independence from British rule.This thrust was preached and led by Mahatma Gandhi, who immortalized himself to the whole world with the stylus he went about it. Another fine exemplar is recent history is that of Martin Luther King, who adopted Gandhis non-violent ways , in the struggle to help win urbane rights for African Americans. Jesus and Non Violence History shows some(prenominal) examples of non-violence struggles, provided if we look into our ancients texts we will be commensurate to under get up that even Jesus Christ was an advocate of non violence. Until the very end Jesus nalways renounced his right of being the anointed one. Nevertheless, he destroyed the wall that separated non-Jews from the God of Israel. He became the new and living way by which all people had access to the kingdom of God.By acting in this way he removed every pretext for the use of violence. He advocated that gods grace was cracked to all and with it the hand of fellowship and the offer of reconciliation. (Walter Wink. Ch. 1. p119) Nonviolence in Theory coiffe Nonviolence has always been understood as the absence of violence, but the leading proponents of nonviolence have always defined in positive terms. Thus Mahatma Gandhi spoke of nonviolence as Satyagraha , meaning literally holding onto truth. Martin Luther King Jr. spoke of it as a inscription to hold uping injustice without regarding ones success as a triumph over those 2 who stand for injustice. (Robert. H Barry . L. G. Nonviolence in Theory and Practice)Nonviolence can be understood from many viewpoints and has many aspects to it . To some it may seem as if it is the study of any psychological, social, or political technique to bring about social change, which does not involve the use of the military force, yet again to others it is the study of the ghostlike pursuit of a nonviolence as interpreted by particular religions. Discussion There is a belief among many, that nonviolence is actually nothing more than a form of cowardice. Nothing can be further from the truth.In the case of Jesus Christ it took tremendous mental strength and will might to stand up for what he believed. Similarly, in the case Mahatma Gandhi, though violence was used brutally against his following who were both women and men, by their belief in what they were doing they could bear physical beating and brutalities inflicted upon them by the British without ever losing sight of what they were expected to follow the path of nonviolence. Man has within him an inbuilt mechanism of self economy and this manifests itself when he is attack ed and being bodily harmed.This instinct takes over and counters the attacker by fighting back. The ability to resist this natural instinct and to stay on the path of nonviolence is a sure show of gameyness and strength. In the case of both Gandhi and Jesus Christ, they were dealing against oppressive rule. They could have chosen an easier way, but that they chose the courageous path of nonviolence . REFERENCES Walter Wink. Jesus and Nonviolence. Ch. 1. p. 119 . online Available at http//www. plough. com/ebooks/pdfs/Jesus. pdf Robert L. Holmes Barry . L. Gan (Part one origins) Nonviolence in Theory and Practice

David Fletcher Case Essay Example for Free

David Fletcher Case EssayJenkins, Fletcher Partners (JFP) has the potential to thrive and succeed in the financial good labor with stimulated, productive, and satisfied employees. However, there are small and large issues to be intercommunicate in found to select that in presention. In this specific case analysis, we analyze the issues hindering JFP from notwithstanding conk outment, and suggest respective and admit suggestions to resolve those problems. First, a thorough evaluation of JFP shed light on a number of issues The discrepancy with JFPs secernate and key organisational complex body part wide, unwavering, informal coordinate for quick determinations. Struggles for autonomy inwardly the company and the pending finality to hire a naked as a jaybird seek analyst. Anti- tat and lack of appropriate military personnel resource forethought. Low team productiveness and insufficient and inaccurate incentives indoors the diddle teams Although these issues pr esent obstacles for further growth and potential of the sign of the zodiac, JFP is able to resolve these issues and consequently differentiate itself from its competitors in the perseverance with the following suggested resolutions hike emphasize the informal and quick information sharing in between all the employees. Convince Stephanie to persist in with the unwavering with a larger responsibility to enhance the expression under the as affectionption that her requirements are met.rent Robinson based on her qualifications and acceptance by current JFP employees, and develop further evaluation of Fiskes. Maintain a balance of young and senior analysts to achieve a productive and contributory learning environs. Implement timed and functional meetings at which every employee has an input. Develop operation management instead of functioning reviews. Maintain the organisational counterpoiseructures through work team productivity and implementation of appropriate incentivizing system. With these critical resolutions, JFP allow become the unique, successful, and differentiated financial service firm that the founders originally dreamed of. One of the points of differentiation that JFP has from other financial service firms on Wall Street is its unique structure of small, flat, and wide for strong and efficient communication and last making cultivate. But Fletcher made a mistake to contradict that very principle of JFP. By not communicating with Stephanie and other salient members of the firm with regard to hiring process of Doyle, David Fletcher put more(prenominal) workload on himself, slowed thedecision making process, and disregarded other employees opinions and thoughts on Doyle, and practically created the silo effect.Fletcher explains, I figured that Stephanie would do the wellness care and environsal stocks as well as the retail stocks while Brian would focus on his specialty, high technology, as he reveals his own thought process without th e actual confirmation from Stephanie. Furthermore, Fletcher admits, hiring Brian wasnt plan of attack from her pocket, it was coming from mine, and demonstrates the contradiction to shared ideas and smooth flow of information he so desperately chased himself. The employees at JFP are meant to communicate and share information with each other fluidly without any excluded members. However, Fletcher contradicted the ideal environment he desired to create by not communicating with Stephanie throughout the hiring process of Brian Doyle and thus deteriorated the structure he wanted. Although a desire for autonomy and greater success are contri scarceing factors in Stephanie lacking(p) to leave the firm, this signifi slewt incident has led to her feeling alienated and secluded from Fletcher and the work they used to do together.Another issue that Fletcher faces, looking forward, is whether or not to hire Fiske and/or Robinson. As previously mentioned, Fletcher makes the hiring process in effective and inconsistent. When hiring Kindred, Fletcher learned from the conflict that had already risen between Doyle and Whitney, and makes sure to receive feedback from Whitney and other employees forwards moving forward with Kindred. Fletcher in like manner maintains an fabulously packed schedule and the hiring process is overly crucial and over spot for him to do by himself. Moreover, because of his overwhelming schedule, Fletcher cannot possibly to train all the youthful hires on how evaluate stocks and pack the investment strategy. On a greater scale, throughout JFP there is an extreme lack of group cohesiveness and issues with conflict management. Members of the company compete to achieve the identical goal to become portfolio managers. Members of JFP have a power struggle to achieve their own individual goals consequently, pay compensation directly associates with individual accomplishments. The very structure of Wall Street that Lodge dislikes includes silos with h igh departmentalization, and members with their own agendas. JFP requires a group cohesion for an effective decision making, yet the firm rewards for self-fulfilling achievements.Therefore, presented is a Rewarding A while hoping for Bissue. Also, a clear alliance conflict versus task conflict is evident. There are personal and social disagreements that hinder employees to expend motility and resource on discussing vital company tasks and objectives. There are also many interpersonal and organizational conflicts that arise through peripheral transactions within JFP. One simple example includes Stephanies touch about where her desk is located. And yet, there are no company procedures to address and resolve these conflicts in a opinionated way. Another example is lack of employees input about new hires. Unrest and social disturbances are within an organization present obstacles for employees to work efficiently and to be creative which affects their performance and in turn JFPs su ccess. The final issue to be address is JFPs lack of effectiveness in work teams and pauperism on both the individual and group levels. More aid can increase productivity and motivation according to the Hawthorne Effect. Fletchers decreased attention toward Stephanie, demonstrated in Doyles hiring process, reduces her motivation and attachment to the firm and develops negative feelings about Doyle.Because Doyle and Stephanie have relationship conflicts, they cannot properly address task, including feedbacks for investment choices, which belongs to decreased productivity and creativeness within the firm. When Stephanie finds personal fulfillment and interest in her work, intrinsic motivation, Doyles hiring process situation diminishes it significantly. Because she is slight secure and satisfied, Whitney is less displaced, which falls in line with Herzbergs motivator-hygiene theory hygiene factors, including security and working conditions, operate primarily as de-motivators i f they are insufficient (175). Stephanie also has adventitious motivationFletchers attention, praise, and focal pointwhich increases her intrinsic motivation as well as job satisfaction and a sense of designing at JFP. Whitneys lower job satisfaction results in a poor job performance and her attachment to JFP. In order to better achieve the wide, flat structure for efficient and effective decision making, Fletcher should attempt to keep Stephanie Whitney with the firm because she has already gained expertise within the industry, and training and molding another new employee in place of Whitney bears immense opportunity cost for the culture and productivity of the firm.Additionally, Whitney has consistently performed at a high level, and the success shes attained transitioning froman administrative assistant to a portfolio manager can be leveraged as an effective tool to inspire others to work. Since Whitney has expressed a desire to leave, Fletcher needs to intrinsically and extr insically motivate her to. In order to keep Stephanie motivated at JFP, Fletcher should have Stephanie with a team of her to delve into an industry that she is curious and enthusiastic about, so long as that industry has an investment potential for the firm. Since monetary incentives can be sufficiently satisfied with firms other than JFP, Stephanie needs to have the extrinsic motivator of autonomy. This reward for staying would be unprecedented in a firm where most decisions come down to David, and would be an indication that she is incredibly valued and essential to the organization. Permitting Stephanie to recruit her own team go out also serve to widen the structure of the firm and delegate more tasks.Fletcher also needs to highlight the tie that they have shared in the past, apologize for not being transparent with her completely, and express respect towards her career development. Despite the possibility that Whitney pass on decide to pursue other opportunities, Fletcher nee ds to convince her to stay because of her credibility and the value lost from the firms perspective. There is an argument to be made that Whitney was at the root of personal issues in the past, but Whitneys conflict was task-oriented, not personal. Her disagreement with many of Doyles investment strategies causes problems when Fletcher failed to address her concerns. In the end, Whitney ends up being righteousness about Doyle, and it is not to be understated that she gets along very well with everyone else in the organization.Building a strong culture is a key for JFP in hiring new employees. Whitney, who already gets along with Robinson, can help to develop the environment in which portfolio managers work creatively and get along on a personal level as well. By treating Whitney as more of a thought colleague than protege, Fletcher should keep Whitney for the benefit of JFP. As Kindreds case reflect, new hires are more effective in their roles in hiring them. Therefore, the hiring process should be structured in a way that all alive employees get to meet the candidate before the decision is made. Organizations small scale leave allow such procedure that will result in more effective hiring process. More attention should also be paid to the current employees, not only to ensure new employees transition, but also to deal with the hiring process moreeffectively. Whitneys insistence upon leaving can be circumvented entirely had Fletcher heeded her concerns and communicate the issue earlier. JFP should also aim to balance between experienced and new hires, and encourage the experienced portfolio managers to act as mentors.Fletcher cannot possibly serve as a mentor for everyone but forging mentor/mentee roles amongst the portfolio managers will lead to more cohesiveness in the organization, experienced employees leading by example and contribute to the flat structure of the organization with reduced risk of employees uneasiness. Fletcher has already taken a ste p in the right direction by seeking the approval of other employees for hiring Robinson, but needs to continue with evaluating Fiske. Moreover, JFP should feel surefooted about hiring Robinson because the other employees think highly of her and Robinson offers a unique background and valuable expertise. Despite Fiskes experience, his ability to collaborate with his colleagues is the critical point to evaluate in the hiring decision. And thus Fletcher must turn to the rest of JFP for advice. In terms of cohesiveness and people management, JFP should implement work teams to emphasize the outcome is greater than the sum of individuals effort. Also, work groups can be particularly utilized in the new research analyst candidates environment because their primary task is to share information.Cohesiveness can be developed by rewarding employees as groups, change magnitude the time that employees spend with each other, stimulating competition amongst groups, benchmarking JFPs performance to that of a competitor firm, and by increasing the exclusivity. Furthermore, JFP requires regular meetings at which everyone is involved and present to facilitate increasing the time employees spend together and resolving conflicts within the organization. Group successes and failures can be discussed and evaluated. In order to successfully restructure JRP, performance management is essential because it is another method for conflict resolution. Performance management will also bring a continuous flow of feedback so the employee can adjust his or her performance. An increase in employee satisfaction within the workplace will follow. Additionally, the Hawthorn Study states that non-financial incentives are more effective than financial incentives also, attention from leaders has been proven to be 63% effective, praise from managers 67% effective, opportunities to lead projects 62% effective. (P)eople willfeel competent if they obtain feedback that indicates progress in their work or suggests ways that can increase their competence.(176) The delegation of autonomy within JFP can also be addressed because autonomy is easily assessed and provided to employees if management constantly evaluates employees performance. Lastly, Fletcher needs to address work team productivity and motivation within JFP. As an example, Stephanie demonstrates enjoyment and a sense of fulfillment in her job, and Fletcher needs to develop these motivations further. He also needs to ensure a good team dynamic. Intrinsic motivation is conducive to creativity and result in more unique, productive and creative analysts. According to scientific management, extrinsic motivation is strictly positive however managers often create undesired behaviors in their employees by utilizing this unreasonable statement. (181) Therefore, Fletcher has to give critical feedback and attention to his analysts to provide them with some continuing extrinsic motivation.In addition, Fletcher should foster an envir onment in which analysts develop enjoyment and attachment, that will contribute to intrinsic motivation as well. Hackman and Oldhams exemplification of job enrichment (1976) suggests different ways to increase employee motivation. For example, task identity, task significance, and feedback are a number of them. create task identity means to increase an analysts sense of meaningfulness in ones work and growing task significance means to increase the sense of importance of their work. Additionally, ongoing feedback will also contribute positively to the analysts motivation. Fletcher should focus on these methods, as well as an appealing work environment and good group dynamic, to increase his analysts motivation. With these constructive resolutionsfurther consolidating the unique organizational structure, effectively recruiting new employees, critically addressing conflicts and cohesiveness within the group, and appropriately maintaining the balance of motivationJFP is assured to th rive as a differentiated, outperforming, and attractive financial service firm.

War of 1812 Essay Example for Free

cont dismiss of 1812 EssayThe War of 1812 was a fight that lasted for two years that helped the United States to firmly and officially build its independence. After finishing with the concern of France, England turned its attention over to the United States. At first, the United States did not want to remediate to war and fighting (Doc. B) yet rather sort out their issues economicallybecause England had seized all ships that did not stop in the British port before heading to their other European destinations, Congress passed the ban Act and then the Non-Intercourse Act, allowing trade with all nations except France and England. Then, England refused to allow this trade to occur, so America had to resort to war. The Northeastern Federalists were not in favor of war, but the Republicans ultimately won the majority vote in Congress to declare warthe War of 1812 (Doc. G). During this war, America was very concerned with inviteing control over land in this nation as well as i n Canada, but at the same time Americans requisite to withhold themselves against their strong British enemies. Either way, America had to abandon its position of neutrality (Doc. C).During the war, Britain was very trenchant in fighting the Americans during many battles, so we needed to defend ourselves in every way possible, and much we were successful. In addition, America precious to take revenge on the British for taking people from American ships and forcing them to work in the British Navy. The British were able to make their way via water to Washington, D.C. and burn bulge many parts of the city. After weakening the capital, they set off to Baltimore Harbor but Fort Mc henry had al energetic blocked their path, so the British actually had to attack from afar, which ended up not being so effective. America also blocked the British from success in the Battle of Plattsburgh. The United States was successful in capturing Lake Ontario and Lake Eerie, causing them to have ver y easy access to Canada. By being able to enter Canada, William Henry Harrison led the soldiers to kill Tecumseh in the Battle of Thames, making this a great victory over the subjective Americans.This does seem like an unnecessary battle done completely out of greed for control, but the thrashing of the Creeks (allies of Tecumseh) in the Battle of Horseshoe Bend was helpful for the Americans in that Andrew Jackson led his men to obliterate the tribe because they had been attacking whites along the Floridian border, and we annexed asection of Florida (Doc. D). Although the Indians may have thought that the Americans unaccompanied wanted to take over their lands (Doc. F), America was not out to hurt the Indianswe actually wanted to be on good terms with thembut Madison made them aware that if it is necessary, Americans will fight them in order to nurse their own well-beings (Doc. E).Ending the War of 1812 was the Battle of New Orleans, when the British were planning to attack, but Andrew Jackson was ready with his men to destroy their enemies, and they were victorious. The War of 1812 officially ended with the Treaty of Ghent, which stated that America did not gain Canada, that impressments would not stop, and that America would have to return some land to the Indians (this statement was not really obeyed). But, a few other small treaties were written that allowed America to trade freely with England.All of the various battles aforementioned(prenominal) except for the Battle of Thames were ones that were instigated by the British and the Americans saw no other way to deal with their enemies but to defend themselves. This does not connote that the Americans fought this war in the first place out of greed or land hunger.Although the British did make many attacks on the United States during the War of 1812 and Americans did indeed need to defend themselves, America did not have entirely pure intentions (defense and struggle for complete independence were not t he only reasons). During this rather pointless war, America had hoped they would annex Canada, and that is why the Battle of Thames occurred. The United States also wanted to render Florida, hence the Battle of Horseshoe Bend. In addition, because the Republicans held the majority in Congress, President Madison felt he needed their support (Southern and Western states).The opinion of these states, expressed by Henry Clay (a War Hawk), was that the demesne needed to go to war because they wanted to gain land and they were concerned over the falling prices of hoidenish products and therefore the restriction on trade. America entered this war caring only about the white citizens and not really about how the Indians would be affected by their hopes for the end results of the war.Americans did enter the war with hopes of annexing land, but the end result was completely different from the initial goals. After much unnecessary fighting, America left the war victorious in her own waythe country was finally completely free to do as she pleased, and the country was officially independent of any and all other foreign powers.

Trayvon Martin Essay Example for Free

Trayvon Martin EssayOn February 26, 2012 Trayvon Martin died because George Zimmerman, a propinquity watchman, shot him. Today many debate on how this happened. Did this happen because of racial issues or because of the al-Qaida your obliterate law? Isaiah Muhammad explains in his article that Trayvon martin didnt die due to the fend for Your Ground Law, he died because he was murdered for universe a black guy with a hoodie on. wit Cosby thinks otherwise, he believes that it had to do with the assume your ground law and the fact that Zimmerman had a gun. Although Bill Cosby has a reasoned point, the real issue in the Trayvon martin case is racialism.Racism has caused the reason why Trayvon Martin is dead today. Geraldo Rivera appeared on FOX News to explain his views on the whole Trayvon Martin case. In his words he said I think the hoodie is much responsible for Trayvon Martins death as George Zimmerman was. Many were hurt by his opinion because how is one to say that the reason why a 17 year old teenager, going home from a hard drink store with skittles, dies because he was wearing a hoodie? Im sure if it was a white teenager with a hoodie, that would be a whole different opinion for Geraldo. Many dont begin to understand how racism starts and Geraldo saying what he did, is the reason why in that respect is racial discrimination ,still, today.As the NRA said Guns arent the issue, its racism, and I agree with this opinion. The NRA is national rifle association and they didnt believe that it was the Stand your ground law that got trayvon Martin killed, it was the fact that theres so much racism going around that people oddity up getting hurt from that. They also believe that because of Zimmerman, people with guns are all the sudden freehanded people. The NRA says that Guns dont kill people, people kill people, to emphasize that one shooting should non overshadow the fact that millions of people who own guns in the United States commence neve r had a unwarranted altercation. Theres more to this than just a gun, its the fact that we see people so different. My point is that, Zimmerman saw a black guy with a hoodie, and all the sudden pointed into one conclusion, that was hes up to no good.On the other hand, could it be because of the Stand Your Ground Law? Bill Cosby tells us his perspective by saying it had to do with the Stand Your Ground law, and it had nothing to do with racial discrimination. Bill Cosby made some valid points, he connected with his own life by give tongue to us how his son died from a accident like this. He believes that guns are the issue here not racism. Bill Cosby says, What is solved by saying, Hes a racist. Thats why he shot the boy. What solves that? Cosby made some valid points to his argument on why he believes its to blame the guns not the pelt along because at the end of the day it was a gun that killed Trayvon. Even that being said, I still begin to believe that it was because of race a nd thats the real issue we need to focus on.So many would say that Bill Cosby has a valid point but doesnt Isaiah Muhammad bring up a more valid point? Isaiah tooshie to explain the difficulty of his memories as a teenager living in Los Angeles. In his blog he be Gibbs to say that there were so many altercations and racism. It bright him back to the time when LA had a huge riot because of what happened to Rodney King. He also explains how a teenage girl walked in a liquor store to buy something and the clerk , which is Asian, assumes shes there to steal. So the clerk starts to tell her things so the girl defends herself. Them the clerk shot her right in the head. Takes you back to the Trayvon Martin case, and we begin to ask why? The leading climax leads to racisim.In conclusion, ask yourself, how can we fix this racism mess as Americans? Weve tried but whether we like it or not , its always going to be around. Trayvon Martin was a tragedy but also a heads up to us. I was one to r ealize that not only is this a serious issue but we have to accept one another for us ,not our color. Nevertheless, yes Bill Cosby made some good arguments about the Stand Your Ground law being the main issue here , but Isaiahs point stood out there to me. Its one thing to call 911 because you feel uncomfortable with somebody but to assume right remote that this 17 year old teenager ,who was black with a hoodie on, is up to no good, its just being racist.

History Study Notes Essay Example for Free

History Study Notes experimentTopic 1 Investigating History interpret and construct clip lines define the terms that see historical periods of time the terminology and concepts of historical time, including year, decade, generation, century, age, BC/AD, BCE/CE sequence societies and events within specific periods of time ask historical questions distinguish between fact and opinion draw some conclusions about the avail of sources including a website examine differing historical perspectives and interpretations exempt cause and effect identify significant raft of the past(a) examine the motives for tribe. s actions in the past the process of historical inquiry .Fact and opinion . the utility program of sources as evidence including a website . differing perspectives . cause and effect . history as the study of people explain the consequences of people. s actions describe some aspects of family/community heritage heritage issues appreciate the value of pr eserving and conserving our heritage past Egypt the origins of the ships company or period identify the origins of the association or historical period daily life story of men and women in the society or period describe how both men and women lived in the society or period Civics and citizenship in the society or period describe the way in which the people of the society or period were governed describe the rights and freedoms of different groups in the society or period beliefs and value of the people of the society or period explain the beliefs and values of the society impact of significant people and/or events explain the impact made by significant people and/or events on the society or period contacts with other peoples outline the contacts that the society had with other peoples.

Bureaucracy and self-government Essay Example for Free

Bureaucracy and self-determination EssayWhen a government creates policies, regulations, laws and guidelines, it rigorously and astutely applies them through what is called an act and service of existence administration. everyday administration is then implemented within an organizational structure. The bureaucracy that this structure operates illustrate the various operatives and/or personnel and/or leaders that makes the decision and leads the methodologies, tactics and strategies to implement the said policies, regulations, laws and guidelines.The bureaucracy is likewise accountable in ensuring the efficient and effective ways and means for such act and service. In executing its mandate, popular administration must be dynamic. It must puzzle a natural course of developing and suspend change and improvements that responds to the multifarious and complex demands of exoteric service constituent needs and demands and expectations. Bureaucracy and Self-Government is a d eclare that gives enlightenment and on how creations of public administration renders its appropriate service to the American people.The Books Insights Bureaucracy in its principle is the rational and academic structure of the organizational process in interlingual rendition service and implementing policies and procedures of any institution like the government. The positive principle of bureaucracy has however evolved into a shun context in the modern time wherein red tape and other forms of inadequacies. It is because the bureaucracy in commentary public administration operates within two types of concepts.It is therefore very important and interesting that Dr. put off laid out in his book that public administration in American government is operated both within the instrumental concept and in the constitutive concept. The instrumental concept believes that the job of bureaucracy in public administration is to execute the instructions of public officials. Within the simpli city of this concept there lies the insufficiency of unadulterated rendering of public service. That is the reason why Dr.Cook has outlined that the past two centuries of America is a struggle to create life and meaning and expectations of the instrumental concept of public administration and service. The constitutive concept believes that the job of bureaucracy in public administration is to shape and characterize public policy and semipolitical community. This concept allows formative methods that bring shape and structure to laws and policies of government. Creativity and dynamic insights and foresights of government officials and public administrators be exercised in using this concept.The concluding insight of Dr. Cook in Bureaucracy and Self-Government outlines principles of responsible public administration. Firstly, with proper responsibility in governing and administering comes along an unlimited ability. A complete and consummate loading to adherence to the law must be characterized in the proponents of public administration. Government leaders and officials must believe the rule of law as their way of life. Secondly, within the rule of law an adequate sphere of constitutionally legitimate independence must be carved.(Cook, 1996, page 177). This principle is coherent with what government administrators have sworn to in fulfilling their duties and responsibilities. It is important that discretion of the law is carried out with integrity. The Books Presentation The book is presented in a very scholarly format. He extensive experience of Dr. Brian J. Cook in the flying field of politics and public administration render authority on the subject matter. The book is seemingly concupiscent in pursuing ways and means for public administration to still attain its ideals.The book traced headspring established historical background that served the impetus on how American government administration and management has evolved frankincense providing the fo undation of the conduct and manner of public administration of modern day. Whatever the course of history and evolution American politics and public administration may have tracked and traced, the book offers confidence and intrust that the better of valor shall surface in public administration in America. The Books designer Dr.Brian J. Cook is presently a Professor in the Center for Public political science and Policy in the School of Public and International Affairs of Virginia Tech. He acquire his BA degree in semipolitical Science in 1977 from Cleveland State University with magna cum laude honors. His further education in government and politics earned him is masters in 1982 and doctorate in 1984 both from the University of Maryland. He has taught lectured and done research on politics and government since 1979.Dr. Cook has been endowed with numerous foundation and university grants and government sponsored research. He has written and published 3 books Bureaucratic Poli tics and Regulatory Reform The EPA and Emissions Trading (1988) Bureaucracy and Self-Government Reconsidering the Role of Public Administration in American Politics (1996) and Democracy and Administration Woodrow Wilsons Ideas and the Challenges of Public Management (2007).In supplement he has written and published numerous book chapters peer reviewed and non-reviewed articles book reviews conference papers and reports concealment a very wide array of thoughts, principles and theories in American politics, government, administration policies. (Brian J. Cook Curriculum Vitae, 2008, pages 1-2) plant life Cited Cook, Brian J. Bureaucracy and Self-Government Reconsidering the Role of Public Administration in American Politics John Hopkins University Press, 1996 Brian J. Cook Curriculum Vitae, September 2008 http//www. cpap. vt. edu/doc/BJC_Curriculum_Vitae_09-08. pdf accessed 2 June 2009

Definition of SWOT Analysis Essay Example for Free

Definition of mug up Analysis EssayIn Human Resource ManagementSWOT analysis refers to a serviceable tool by identifying advantage or disadvantage of a company. Also help company good evaluating pros and cons before formulating its development strategies. Each letter in SWOT stands for strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, threats respectively. In this four points, S and W are internal factors that a company can do such as capacity and human race resources. O and T, however, are external factors which a company may do such as laws and dissimilar culture. This method focuses on their own actual strengths of an enterprise as well as comparison with competitors. Therefore, this honorable tool can help to decrease difficulties in corporate decision-making and make a more intelligibly human resource planning.But how we process a SWOT analysis? Firstly, make use of a variety of survey research methods in order to analyze various environmental factors including internal and exte rnal factors according to history and current situations of an organization. Secondly, list the investigation result ordered by importance level. At last, take four dimensions in the SWOT analysis into account, in this way we can build a SWOT matrix.For example, Haier, a famous multi-national enterprise that produce household appliance such as TV, refrigerator, airstream machine and so on. The following diagram is a typical SWOT analysis for Haier.

Presidential Campaign Ads Essay Example for Free

Presidential Campaign Ads EssayPresidential advertize commercials are truly an efficient means to persuade voters to give their full support of the candidates. Aside from posters and town-to-town campaigns, these governmental commercials give additional projection to the candidates and too influence the peoples mind to win their ballots. On the sites examples, the presidential candidates ads were somewhat similar to each other. They exhibit the candidates short biography, their visions and missions.Despite the navigation price needed to produce these ads, politicians still prefer these kinds of campaign paraphernalia because almost all households lead televisions. These commercials are successful, given that the candidate with the more accurate and understandable ad would most likely depict it to the presidential throne. The 1984 Presidential Commercial The 1984 ads were effective on Reagans campaign for presidency. Along with his undisputed habitual appeal, he was able t o win the votes of his bucolicmen.The ads themes, Prouder, Stronger and Better,, for example, signified Reagans commitment to develop the country more, fulfill his citizens pleas and to continue his unfinished tasks since it was his second term. With these ads, people would surely be convinced of Reagans instincts on political ethics. Reagan, who was also referred as the Teflon President because of his viable abilities in resolving national problems, make a record for having one of the landslide wins in the election since 1936.On the other hand, the opposition, which was led by Vice President Mondale, experienced turmoil during his campaign for presidency. Aside for his unproven charisma, his campaign tactics were also unenviable which caused him his downfall and his chance to sit on the presidential throne. His ads were nothing compared to Reagans. They were not that understandable and accurate.

Decision Making and Investment Decisions Essay Example for Free

Decision Making and coronation Decisions EssayChuck Jones aimed to have a new design decision process supported by data and surveys instead of a deliver or payoff on the investiture apostrophize. At jump when he presented his idea, authorities requested poof and Mr. Jones was unable to show them proof. Then M. Jones started his process.1.As a first step, he surveyed 15 design-centric companies, including BMW, Nike, and Nokia. To his surprise, few had a system for forecasting return on design 2. Mr. Jones needed to pass on a new plan to focus on Customers preferences. 3.Good feedback from the public would equal possible future return on the investment that was requested by the research team. 4.Do not focus on Bottom-line returns 5.Puts normal prototypes in front end of customer focus groups 6.Get detailed measurements of their preferences about Aesthetics, Craftsmanship, technical performance, ergonomics and usability 7.Chart the results against competing products and the friendships get product 8.This approach gives the Decision makers a base-line of objective evidence from which to make investment decisionsEvaluationThe match washing machine, launched five years ago, was the first big win for the common platform approach.By redesigning an breathing product, using the same underlying technology but with modifications to the appearance and user interface, the design team created a product that could be sold at three times the price of its predecessor and competitor products.Design investment decisions are flat based on facts not opinion. The new decision making approach has transformed the companys culture. It had led to bolder designs because the designers can now make a strong grimace for making those investments. By following this approach the company can do innovation in their products. The good luck has enabled Whirlpools designers to make the business case for investments and give financial folks greater confidence to ante upresulting in bolder designs.What criteria does Whirlpools design team use in design decisions? What do you call in each of these criteria involves? Whirlpools design team use their customers preferences as the basis of the companys criteria. After significant considerable investigation of the, what Chuck discovered was that many of the organizations, including those the ones that operate on a global scale, many faced the same or similar situation as he did they were all in need of a system that could forecast profitability based on design.They used a metric-based approach design, to capture objective evidence that would support and provide insight into future investment decisions for the company. Chuck and his design team created a standardized company-wide process that puts s design prototypes in front of customer focus groups and then get detailed measurements of their preferences about aesthetics, craftsmanship, technical performance, ergonomics, and usability. This approach I think provide d Whirlpool with a baseline of objective evidence from which to make investment decisions because with this innovative approach, the company could now make design investment decisions that are based on fact and not opinion

Edward Taylor Essay Example for Free

Edward Taylor EssayLiving during the late 1600s, Edward Taylor lived with a time of many hardships. With the constant battles between colonists and natives going on, he lived in fear of his home and life being in jeopardy. Yet, through this terrifying time, he wrote poetry that earned him the name of the best colonial poet. Some aspects that can be looked at of his paternity are his style, subject matter, and tone.The first airfield of his writing is his style. Edward Taylors style consists of both easy to understand condemns, and a fluid happy word choice that shows the loving side of god. An case of his style is Lord clear my misted sight that I May hence view they divinity(Taylor). This sentence shows his focus on god and word choice, and comes from his piece Upon a Wasp Chilled with Cold.The next area to go over of Taylors writing is his subject matter. The main aspects that he writes nigh are paragon and how he is gracious, and how he is evident in e actually day li fe events. This can be shown in the passage My words, and actions, that their shine may fill My ways with glory and Thee glorify(Taylor), from his writing Huswifery. He is very clear on what he wants to show and clear about his Puritan faith.Last of all the areas of Taylors writing is his tone. The tone of his pieces show a very happy and hoping attitude toward life. He clearly shows how he wants people to see the grace of go and how they can be forgiven, rather than the radical view of matinee idols wrath. This tone can be seen in the passage Where all my pipes inspired upraise An ethereal music furred with praise (Taylor), from his piece Upon a Wasp Chilled with Cold.Edward Taylor goes down as a great colonial poet for a reason, and through his work that reason is easily seen. With aspects like style, subject matter, and tone, his writing is a crisp example of how to incorporate God into poetry in a hopeful matter. Everything about Taylor, from his childhood to his adult life, p ortrays his amazing character and strong love towards God. His writing has surely made the jolt on people that he wanted of showing people Gods grace.

12 Angry Men | Appeal To Pity

12 dotty Men invoke To PityJuror eighter from Decatur used orison to pity delusion which was the well-nigh powerful fallacy in the train 12 Angry Men. If we want to see which of the fallacies in the film is used most effectively, we fork out to take a closer tint at which jurywoman did the beat out job. Twelve jurymans ga in that locationd in a hot motor inn room to decide if an 18-year- old schoolsonish man, who had been accused of killing his father, was guilty or non. At initiative, cardinal jurymans right to voted for guilty and one for not guilty. Obviously, eleven jurywomans, who voted for guilty, had come to vote in a few minutes and go back home, but it was jurywoman eight who confident(p) early(a) jurywomans to change their vote. Even though 11 jurywomans voted for guilty, juror 8 proposed an Appeal to pity fallacy, which was used most effectively, and helped some new(prenominal) jurors to investigate the events step by step, and convinced them to vot e for not guilty.Juror eight used Appeal to pity fallacy in an effective way. He proposed the first fallacy of the film. He did not claim that the male child was not guilty in a straightforward way, but when he proposed an Appeal to pity fallacy, it became clear that he wanted to find a moderateness to convince other jurors that the boy was not guilty. As a result, when juror tercet asked him if he truly thought the boy was innocent, Juror eight said that he did not know. After that, he explained that the boy was not guilty because he was an 18-year- old boy with a miserable past. In juror eights opinion, the boy was too young to kill his father. This is an appeal to pity fallacy because the boys age and miserable life have nothing to do with his conviction. There is an main(prenominal) point here. This fallacy is a positive form of an Appeal to pity fallacy because when juror eight talked close to the boys past, other jurors started to think round the events and try to look at the problem in a different way. As if they did not know anything about probe at all, and juror eights fallacy gave them an idea to analyze all testimonies which they had heard in main court room. Moreover, he never showed any bad or rude behavior to other jurors. He was incessantly polite. Along with these good behaviors, he was real irreverent. For example, before the court appointment, he had gone to investigate the neighborhood of the house. This is a kind of smart approach because it revealed an important point about switch-knife. Moreover, even though there was no advance equipment in their hot room, juror eight asked for the diagram of the building and gave an idea to other jurors to measure the time intervals of events with simple and inaccurate tools. At first, other jurors did not accept, but when they heard juror eights smart descriptions, they changed their mind. Because of juror eights smart arrangement, other jurors maxim the results and add their own analysis . For example, juror nine explained about the dragging leg of the old man who testified in the court. Then, juror two talked about the stabbing weight down of switch knife. After that, it was juror four who described the mechanism of the switch-knife. At remnant, when all pieces of the puzzle were make uped, they changed their vote for not guilty. As a result, Appeal to pity, which was juror eights fallacy, was the most effective fallacy in the film. It changed the note in favor of accused boy, and saved his life.Calm behavior and effective fallacy of Juror eight convinced juror three. Juror three was the most aggressive opponent, but juror eight last managed to persuade him to change his vote. This is an important point because juror three never wanted to change his vote. As a result, comparing to other jurors, I was very hard for juror eight to convince juror three. If we take a closer look at juror eight and juror three and liken their behavior, we may see how well juror ei ght did and how effective juror eights fallacy was. During the meeting, by convince jurors one by one, the fallacy of juror eight became more than and more effective, and the juror three became more and more aggressive. In other words, when juror three saw how other jurors were convicted by juror eights smart approaches, he became more aggressive. For example, after taking preliminary vote, when Juror three talked about the facts and the neighborhood womans testimony, he seemed a very strong and logical jury, but when juror eight proposed his fallacy, juror three became noisome and attacked to juror eight and threatened him. In contrast, Juror eight did not pay any prudence to juror threes aggressive behavior and convinced other jurors one by one. When juror three saw that juror eights effusive reasoning convinced others, he said he did not care. He go along his opposition and talked about his argument with his son to prove that he was right. After that, when Juror eight found out that juror eight had a bias against the accused boy, he continued his work more quietenly. The calm behavior of juror eight was not tolerable for juror three. As a result, juror three become more aggressive. He revealed his main reason of opposition and showed the photo of his son. Here is an important point. Actually, this was juror threes turning point because when he tried to show the photo, he felt his valet. He was very nervous. The level of his anger showed that in response to juror eights effective fallacy, he had nothing to say. In my opinion, the calm behavior of juror eight was one of the important reasons which do juror three angry, and persuaded him to change his mind. For example, juror eight was very smart and knew that the anxiety of the juror three was found on his past. Moreover, in the spirit of meeting, we may see that the argument of juror eight became more personal because he claimed that if he were the executor, he would pull the execution switch. Agai n, this was juror eight who did better job because his smart behavior obliged juror three to play his last card and reveal the photo of his son. At last, when other jurors left him alone, he torn the photo of his son and acknowledged that it was his whole reason. This is one of the most important moments of this film. Because it shows that the fallacy of juror eight was the most effective fallacy which managed to convince the last juror. In the end of the film, we see that juror eight completed his smart approach. He did not left juror three alone. He was the last juror who calmed juror three and accompanied him to left the meeting room. In my opinion, Juror eights effective fallacy step by step convicted juror three to change his vote, and the calm behavior of juror eight played an important role in this procedure.In conclusion, juror eight used an appeal to peaty fallacy, which was the most powerful fallacy in the film, to convince other jurors to change their vote. Juror eight ta lked about the boys past live. For example, he mentioned that the boy was eighteen years old and could not kill his father. Even though they were not relevant to boys charge, helped other jurors to think over the case, and analyze the evidence step by step. Without his leadership, other jurors did not even know what to do. Most of the jurors had come to vote in two or three minutes and go home. Juror eights fallacy gave them an idea of thinking about the details. After that, we saw that other jurors started to think about events carefully, and add their own understanding to the main incident. For example, they did various measuring time tests and made a connection between the tests. Through the discussion, other jurors convinced one another and changed their vote based on juror eights fallacy. In the end of the film, juror three was the last juror who was convinced and changed his vote for not guilty. Juror three was the most aggressive opponent, but juror eights effective fallacy c onvinced him to change his vote. In my opinion, this film is a sample of democracy in The United States of America. Different raft from different social levels try to convince each other and make a strong verdict to save someones life.it was the fallacy of juror eight which helped others to find a solution.

The Education Games In Primary Schools Education Essay

The Education Games In prime Schools Education Essay composition educational games might be very important to the culture process, unmatched of the biggest downfalls of this genre is that the breeding objective is quite evident to the learner and often doesnt have much intend for the learner. In more interactive educational games, the learning objective is submerged in a luxuriant world that becomes learning opportunities Ahuja, Mitra, Kumar Singh, 1994. Despite the mixed success of educational games designed specifically for learning, the restore of digital gaming has drawn many a(prenominal) educators and researchers to question how they might be used to facilitate student learning. all over the past decade, the use of educational gaming has prompted considerable attention in exploring how and why games might be powerful tools in the classroom. As a result of this interest, there are potential benefits of this for education and learning in schooltimes. nearly important creators why educational games should be fully implemented in basal schools are enhancing learning skills, engaging and motivating the children and preparing them for living and working in the 21st century.The first reason why educational games should be implemented in direct schools is to enhance learning while forge Information and Communication Technology (ICT) skills. In playacting educational games, it is evident that skills and competences are developed. Using teacher evaluations of mostly simulation and quest-based educational games found numerous skills to be developed through their use McFarlane, Sparrowhawk Heald, 2002. Some of the skills developed playing educational games are, strategic thinking, planning, communication, decision-making, personal skills, spatial skills and social skills. Some educational games bemuse out these skills by just engaging in them. If educational games have such(prenominal) a great impact on the development of a child, it should be incorporated in the curriculum of our primary schools. It will create a learning-based environment in which the children can fully utilize their learning capabilities.While the curriculum chasten by the Ministry of Education is academic, educational games will develop the basic motor skills in children of that level. The challenge is to get word how a certain educational games would connect to the curriculum. educational games are tools to engage children in learning. The game is the vellicate or the stimulus, both for the learner and, in many cases particularly at primary level, for developing a rich and wide learning context. In classes, educational games go forth a particular focus in one subject, for example, Mathematics or English Language but it is still valued as a stimulus for learning. An example of an educational game is Simcity which can be used to teach aquatic habitat in the subject area of Science. Educational games offer a rich mix of audio, video, text and the consumption of the mouse to enhance learning. There is no comparison with an inert textbook. Educational games facilitate the multiple intelligences of children such as verbal, mathematical and spatial.The second reason why educational games should be implemented in primary schools is to engage and motivate children via a student-centered approach to learning. Children can enter environments in games that would be impossible to attack in any other agency, for example going back in history, understanding the complexity of tally a major city, managing entire civilizations or nurturing families. Games require engagement with complex decisions by allowing the player to look for the effects of different choices and a multiplicity of variables. Ongoing and responsive feedback on choices is usually given which encourages the users to clutch new limits to their abilities. Games stimulate conversation and discussion since players are able to share ideas, hints and tips in what increasin gly tends to be a very lively and supportive learning community ELSPA, 2006.Educational games allow children to interact and the personality of the games provides three main factors for motivation fantasy, challenge and curiosity Malone, 1981. Fantasy relates to the use of imagination and the childs inherent goal towards play. It provides a way for the children to feel freedom to fail, experiment, interpret and identify. Challenge is created by the task or puzzle in an educational game and when appropriately aligned with the childs ability level, the challenge falls within their zona of proximal development. Curiosity here is the sense of testing the educational game or exploring to determine what happens if the child does a certain task. Educational game creates a way for children to be motivated at the cognitive level and in using the new technologies these games will have a greater impact on childrens everyday lives. One excellent example of motivating children via a student-ce ntered approach is the world education games originating from Australia. Students play Literacy, Mathematics and Science against fellow students in a live, global forum. The teachers role is a facilitator of learning. Feedback is provided for participants while they develop their ICT skills.Finally, the third and most important reason why educational games should be implemented in primary schools is to prepare the children for living and working in the 21st century. Technology has certainly taken over many aspects of life. Children of today are using computers more often as well as handheld consoles. Teachers and school leaders want their children to be prepared for the world of work and to see them inspired towards a relevant afterlife career. Educational gaming can help equip children with the skills required to adapt to the outside world. While the Ministry of Education is slowly implementing the game-based learning in schools, teachers are using the computers in their schools t o facilitate educational games and provide game-based projects to the students. Educational games will provide the learning outcomes beneficial to excelling in the higher levels of education. With technology advancing at a rapid rate, individuals will be required to have skills in computing and other electronic devices in the future. If educational games are implemented in primary schools, it will certainly prepare the children for the future and it will provide a new perspective of learning in schools.In conclusion, it is clear that educational games present an opportunity to engage students in activities, which can enhance their learning. Like any successful outlay, outcomes acquire to be well planned and classrooms carefully organized to enable all children to engage in learning. Educational games seem like a viable way for the future learner to bring their existing interests, skills and acquaintance into the classroom and then use the games as a hook or stimulus to build the a ctivities for learning around them. Educational games provide a forum for learning in a happy way while developing cognitive and psychomotor skills. It prepares the child for their future life and so it is imperative that educational games should be implemented in primary schools in Trinidad and Tobago.

Strategic Management Industry Structures And Dynamics Business Strategy Essay

Strategic Management Industry Structures And Dynamics argumentation Strategy judgeIntroduction dingle Company was founded in 1984 by Michael dingle. It is the worlds giantstdirect-sale calculator vendor dell Inc. is straight off alike the leading seller of estimator systems in theworld, capturing a global market share of more(prenominal) than 15 percent. Dell markets desktop personalcomputers, notebook computers, ne twainrk servers, workstations, handheld computers, monitors,printers, high-end storage products, and a variety of computer peripherals and software. In thispart I entrust use Porters Five shoves to analysis Dells great success in the effort.Force 1 The Degree of Rivalry.The PC industry consists of a number of companies hence the threat from industry competitorsis high. Due to the product being highly like and shifting costs among blots is low, in that respect is fierce competition which leads to lower margins and profitability in the market. The PCindustr y faeces be described as a high competitive industry. For Dell the main competitors are IBM,Apple, HP, TOSHIBA, Gateway etc. Dell uses some(prenominal) strategies to reduce the competitive rivalrybetween existing players.Firstly Dell differentiated its sales from new(prenominal) competitors. Dell used the direct sales dodge since1984. To sell PCs directly to consumers, by passing retail stores and system integrators and religious offering special(a) customer concomitant but dramatic on the whole(a)y lower prices. For classs, that direct, low-costsales model worked perfectly. It allowed Dell to make high margins while selling computer gearfor less than its rivals. As a result, it now holds a leading 17.9% share of the world PC market andhas grown a good deal faster than competitors Hewlett-Packard and IBM. With thousands of ringand fax orders daily, $5 million in daily Internet sales, and daily contacts between the field salesforce and customers of all types, the telephone r kept its finger on the market pulse, cursorilydetecting shifts in sales trends and getting prompt feedback on any problems with its products. Ifthe company got more than a few similar complaints, the reading was relayed immediatelyto design engineers. When design flaws or components defects were found, the factory wasnotified and the problem reverse within a matter of days. Management believed Dells abilityto respond quickly gave it a signifi raftt favour over rivals, particularly over PC makers in Asia,which made large production runs and sold standardized products through retail channels. Dellsaw its direct sales approach as a solely customer-driven system that allowed quick transitions tonew generations of components and PC models. iSecondly Dell provided good customer overhaul to compete with its rivals. In 1986 the companybegan providing a guarantee of free on-site improvement for a year with most of its PCs after userscomplained about having to ship their PCs back to A ustin for repairs. Dell contracted with localservice providers to handle customer requests for repairs on-site service was provided on anext-day basis. Dell also provided its customers with technical support via a toll-free number, fax,and e-mail. Dell received close to 40,000 e-mail messages monthly requesting service andsupport and had 25 technicians to process the requests. iiBundled service policies were a majorselling point for winning corporate accounts. If a customer preferred to work with his or her ownservice provider, Dell gave that provider the training and spare separate needed to service thecustomers equipment.Force 2 The Threat of new Entry.Firstly, Dell created a reproach plan to reduce the threat of new entries by advertising. Dell was thefirst computer company to use comparative degree ads. Its advertisements have appeared in severaltypes of media including television, the Internet, magazines, catalogs and newspapers.Secondly, Dell cuts its price or offering free bonus products in the effect to fight back its marketshare. In 2006, Dell cut its price in an effort to maintain its 19.2% market share. However, thisalso cut profit-margins by more than half, from 8.7 to 4.3 percent. To maintain the strategy Dellcontinuing to strike the online and telephone purchase.The brand loyalty and the low price built up a barrier of admission for the new companies.Force 3 The Threat of Substitutes.Other devices like PDA, handheld electronics etc. are now coming out with features similar toPCs. The mobilebility is the key factor of the competition. Dell generate a smaller size laptopcalled mini which only has a 10.1 inch screen and only sells at the price down the stairs 200 which iseven lower than some of the handheld electronics. With the efficiency of mobile and the samefunction, for example Wi-Fi and Bluetooth, Dell protects its market share against thosesubstitutes.Force 4 Bargaining Power of Customers.Dell built up its brand loyalty to reduce the b argaining power of customers.First, Dell had its own system and strategy to manage the kinship with customers. Since Delluse the direct sale strategy, customers female genitals buy Dells products from the website or ordered byphone or fax. The customers then thunder mug personalize their computer by choosing the configurationof the computer (e.g. RAM, processors, and hard-disk capacity). On the Dells website from which batch can directly choose, buy and give feedback, it separate the customers into four majorgroups home users, small moderate bank line, public sector and large enterprise. Dell then treatsdifferent groups differently by offering the supernumerary service they need from different groups. Forinstance, Dell provides special solutions and services for higher education. Such as dataconsolidation and management, HPC (high performance computing environments), wirelesssolution, connected classroom etc. Because of its direct sale strategy, Dell can easily track theser vice for any individual buyers. All the buyer information will be stored in its system dell candifferentiate customers and send relevant product information and services to differentcustomers. These special strategies in selling upgrade its brand image among customers.Second, Dell uses the advertisements to serve building up its brand image. On the website, TV,newspaper, high street, people can easily find dells advertising. Those can not only increase dellsmarket activity but also increase its brand pride.Force 5 Reducing the Bargaining Power of Suppliers.Dell has a special understanding on the SCM (supply filament management). Dells strategy is to limitthe amount of provider but pick up some outstanding supplier all over the world. Each supplierhas a very close relationship with Dell in long-term. Dell uses its huge globe market to share itsbusiness with its entire suppliers. For instance, Dell built a assemble factory in Malaysia, itssupplier from Ireland soon built a factory i n there as well in order to gain a geographic efficiency.Dell had its assemble factories all over the world which relatively close to its suppliers. This willsave a lot of transport costs. The double-win strategy makes the supply chain works well. Withthe double-win strategy and constant relationship, Dell will be able to imagine lower price from thesuppliers and reduce the bargaining power from them.Market part SegmentationIntroduction Michael Dell emphasized the significant status of customers to the companysbusiness by stating Finding ways to get close to your customers is tiny to your success. Sincedifferent people would have different need from the computer, Dell divided its customers intoseveral segments by discovering special needs from each segment. In the year 1994, thecustomer group was only divided by two capital customer and normal customer. In that yearthe assets of Dell is 3.5billion USD. In July 1996 Dell launched its online website www.dell.com.On the website pri mary client are divided into three segments which are large company, mediumcompany and government education. Customers can easily choose and buy the productsdirectly with advices and helps from dell.com. The assets of Dell rocketed up to 7.8 billion USD inthat year. However in 1997, Dell continued differentiating its customer for more segments.Government education segment was divided to State local anaesthetic Government, FederalGovernment and education. Small company and home users were also been created as individualsegments. The net tax income of Dell was 12 billion in that year.On todays Dells website, people will be able to come with the tips and choose a suitable computer infew minutes. Whats more, customers can personalize their chosen computer by changing theconfiguration of the computer (e.g. color, RAM, processors, and hard-disk capacity). With thisdirect sale through different segments, Dell can start to assemble the computer once thetransaction has been made. The in ventory can then be limited as low as zero. Not like Dellscompetitors, Dell does not need many warehouses all over the world which will save a lot ofcosts for the company.Although on todays Dell.com, customers are divided into a lot segments. However, literallycustomers are differentiated into two segments Relationship customers in opposing dealings customers. Although Dell intends to build and maintain a good relationship with allcustomers, it also becomes clear, that the company would regard some customers morerelationship worthy than others, by analyzing customer value.The relationship customers are mainly large enterprise and government etc. which occupied 40%of Dells entire customer. Transaction customers are small business and home users which havepercentage of 30 among customers. The remaining 30 percentage customer is regarded as amixed customer.The advantage for dividing customers in different segment is that the company would be able toanalysis how it can encourage the cus tomers to buy its product. For individual users or smallbusiness price is the priority. Those customers are regarded as more price insensitive. So forhome and small business users the price is slightly lower than its competitors e.g. HP, Toshibaand Sony. For strikingger customers such as the government or enterprise, they consider more thanthe price but consequent services and supports. make for large enterprise for instance, Dell supportsa lots of specific services and solutions for running the business. Like understructure Consultingservice which is basically a plan for simplifying IT infrastructure, helping reduce operating costswhile discharge up resources for new business initiatives.iii Also, Dell runs a program called Dellbusiness Creditiv. This is the same as a loan offered by Dell, but with no interest rate and anytimeto pay off the balance. Business without enough cash flow would like to take that program.One of the Dells competitors is IBM, it has a clearly customer naval division but different fromDell. IBM is more focusing on Business and Industry market. In a barely word it is even morefocusing on the Big customers. Similar as Dell did for big client, but even did more specific forthe segmentation. For Dell there is no segment for industries like Aerospace, Chemicals andpetroleum. more(prenominal) segmentation on large customers also brings more services and solutions for allkinds of industries. One of IBMs famous solutions is offering the security management forWimbledonv. It provided the security solution for players, staff, media and spectators around theworld.Conclusion Dells market share was No.2 in 2009, IBM was remote behind. But since Dells customergroups is much bigger than IBMs. In 2006 IBM sold its PC department to Lenovo, Lenovo usedIBMs brand to product and sell IBMs ThinkPad series. It is very difficult to compare whichsegmentation is better. But for the large business users, IBM is a very strong competitor againstDell, Its high performance computer and advanced technical solutions and services makes IBMthe biggest company for larger business and industries.i scribd.com Dell operationii McGraw Hill Dell Computer hatfulmhhe.com/business/management/thompson/11e/case/dell5.htmliii Dell.com Large Enterprise serviceiv Dell.com business confidencev IBM.com Wimbledon case study